Frezzolini Alessandra, Teofoli Patrizia, Cianchini Giuseppe, Barduagni Silvia, Ruffelli Marina, Ferranti Giulio, Puddu Pietro, De Pita Ornella
Department of Immunodermatology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI, IRCCS, Via dei Monti di Creta, 104, 00167 Rome, Italy.
Eur J Dermatol. 2002 Jan-Feb;12(1):27-31.
Several skin infiltrating inflammatory cells, such as eosinophils, neutrophils and activated T lymphocytes, are involved in bullous pemphigoid (BP) blister formation. The presence of CD4+ T cells able to produce IL-4 and IL-5 suggests Th2 involvement in the disease. The role of eotaxin in the recruitment of eosinophils into inflammatory sites has been recently described and the specific eotaxin receptor, CCR3, has been documented to be expressed on eosinophils, basophils, and Th2 cells. In this study, we analyzed by immunohistochemistry the expression of both eotaxin and CCR3 in lesional skin from patients with active BP (n = 10) and control subjects affected with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) (n = 3); furthermore eotaxin concentration in BP sera and blister fluids was also evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in comparison to sera from PV and normal donors (n = 10) and to suction blisters from 3 healthy volunteers. A strong immunostaining for eotaxin and CCR3 in BP skin specimens in lesional and, to a lesser extent, in perilesional skin was observed. CCR3 expression was documented on both eosinophils and T cells infiltrating skin lesions. Eotaxin serum levels were significantly higher in BP patients when compared to healthy donors (p = 0.003) and PV patients (p = 0.01). The highest eotaxin concentration was detected in BP blister fluids, in respect to both corresponding BP sera and blister fluids from normal donors (p = 0.003). These results account for the role of eotaxin in the recruitment of activated cells at inflammatory sites during BP and the expression of CCR3 on infiltrating T lymphocytes further supports the involvement of Th2 cells in the pathogenesis of BP.
多种皮肤浸润性炎症细胞，如嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和活化的T淋巴细胞，参与了大疱性类天疱疮（BP）水疱的形成。能够产生白细胞介素-4和白细胞介素-5的CD4 + T细胞的存在提示Th2细胞参与了该疾病。嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子在嗜酸性粒细胞募集到炎症部位中的作用最近已有描述，并且已证明特异性嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子受体CCR3在嗜酸性粒细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞和Th2细胞上表达。在本研究中，我们通过免疫组织化学分析了活动性BP患者（n = 10）的皮损和寻常型天疱疮（PV）患者（n = 3）的皮损中嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子和CCR3的表达；此外，还通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）评估了BP患者血清和水疱液中嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子的浓度，并与PV患者和正常供体（n = ）的血清以及3名健康志愿者的抽吸疱进行了比较。在BP皮肤标本的皮损处以及在较小程度上在皮损周围皮肤中观察到了嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子和CCR3的强免疫染色。在浸润皮肤病变的嗜酸性粒细胞和T细胞上均记录到CCR-3表达。与健康供体（p = 0.003）和PV患者（p = 0.01）相比，BP患者的血清嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子水平显著更高。与相应的BP血清和正常供体的水疱液相比，在BP水疱液中检测到最高的嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子浓度（p = 0.003）。这些结果说明了嗜酸性粒细胞趋化因子在BP期间炎症部位活化细胞募集中的作用，并且CCR3在浸润性T淋巴细胞上的表达进一步支持了Th2细胞参与BP的发病机制。
