Finn Kevin, Johannsen Neil, Specker Bonny
School of HPELS, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls 50614-0241, USA.
J Pediatr. 2002 Jan;140(1):81-5. doi: 10.1067/mpd.2002.120693.
Our purpose was to identify factors associated with the physical activity in young children.
Participants were 214 children (aged 3-5 years) enrolled in 10 childcare centers who were monitored for physical activity with an accelerometer during 2 continuous days (48 hours). Mean daily activity counts, activity counts between 9 AM and 5 PM, and percentage of time spent in vigorous activity were determined. The factors investigated were age, childcare center, season, sex, body mass index (BMI), history of preterm birth, participation in organized activities, parental BMI, and parental educational level. Regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with each of the activity measures.
A statistical model including sex, history of preterm birth, childcare center, and father's BMI accounted for 22%, 37%, and 23% of the variance in total daily counts, counts between 9 AM and 5 PM, and percentage of time spent in daily vigorous activity, respectively. Childcare center was the highest individual predictor of activity. Boys were more active than girls in all activity measures except counts between 9 AM and 5 PM. Children born preterm were less active than children born at term, and high activity levels in the child were associated with a low BMI in fathers.
The findings indicate that sex, history of preterm birth, childcare center, and father's BMI influence the daily physical activity of young children.
我们的目的是确定与幼儿身体活动相关的因素。
参与者为214名3至5岁的儿童，他们来自10家儿童保育中心，连续两天（48小时）使用加速度计监测其身体活动情况。测定了平均每日活动计数、上午9点至下午5点之间的活动计数以及剧烈活动所花费的时间百分比。所调查的因素包括年龄、儿童保育中心、季节、性别、体重指数（BMI）、早产史、参与有组织的活动、父母的BMI以及父母的教育水平。采用回归分析来确定与各项活动指标相关的因素。
一个包含性别、早产史、儿童保育中心和父亲BMI的统计模型分别解释了每日总计数、上午9点至下午5点之间计数以及每日剧烈活动所花费时间百分比变异的22%、37%和23%。儿童保育中心是活动的最强个体预测因素。在除上午9点至下午5点之间计数外的所有活动指标中，男孩比女孩更活跃。早产儿童比足月出生的儿童活动量少，儿童的高活动水平与父亲的低BMI相关。
研究结果表明，性别早产史、儿童保育中心和父亲的BMI会影响幼儿的日常身体活动。
