Norden C W
J Infect Dis. 1975 Nov;132(5):493-9. doi: 10.1093/infdis/132.5.493.
Levels of rifampin, gentamicin, sisomicin, and cephalothin in normal and osteomyelitic rabbit bones were measured, and the efficacy of these drugs in the treatment of osteomyelitis was evaluated. Single drug regimens, including rifampin for 14 days and gentamicin, sisomicin, and cephalothin each for 28 days, were relatively ineffective (5%-33% sterile bone cultures). Rifampin, administered for 28 days, sterilized the bones of 55% of treated animals. The combination of gentamicin and rifampin, given for either 14 or 28 days, sterilized the bones of 67% of treated animals. The combinations of rifampin plus sisomicin and of rifampin plus cephalothin, given for 28 days, were significantly more effective than these agents alone, sterilizing 90%-95% of bones. The combination of rifampin, sisomicin, and cephalothin, given for only 14 days, sterilized the bones of all treated rabbits. Staphylococci isolated from the bones of therapeutic failures that had received rifampin alone or in combination with other antibiotics were highly resistant to rifampin (minimal inhibitory concentration, greater than 250 mug/ml), whereas the organisms recovered from animals not receiving rifampin remained sensitive. Results of in vitro studies of synergy and/or bactericidal activity of antibiotic combinations correlated with in vivo results in some, but not all, instances.
测量了正常和骨髓炎兔骨中利福平、庆大霉素、西索米星和头孢噻吩的含量，并评估了这些药物治疗骨髓炎的疗效。单药治疗方案，包括利福平治疗14天，庆大霉素、西索米星和头孢噻吩各治疗28天，效果相对不佳（无菌骨培养率为5%-33%）。利福平治疗28天，使55%接受治疗动物的骨头无菌。庆大霉素和利福平联合使用14天或28天，使67%接受治疗动物的骨头无菌。利福平加西索米星以及利福平加头孢噻吩联合使用28天，比单独使用这些药物显著更有效，使90%-95%的骨头无菌。利福平、西索米星和头孢噻吩联合使用仅14天，使所有接受治疗的兔子的骨头无菌。从单独接受利福平或与其他抗生素联合使用治疗失败的动物骨头中分离出的葡萄球菌对利福平高度耐药（最小抑菌浓度大于250μg/ml），而从未接受利福平治疗的动物身上分离出的微生物仍保持敏感。抗生素联合使用的协同和/或杀菌活性的体外研究结果在某些但并非所有情况下与体内结果相关。
