Selvik Agnethe, Hansen Pia Kupka, Ervik Arne, Samuelsen Ole Bent
Institute of Marine Research, Department of Aquaculture, Bergen, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2002 Feb 21;285(1-3):237-45. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(01)00936-6.
A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed to determine the concentration of diflubenzuron, a delousing agent used in fish farming, in marine mud and shell sand. The recovery of diflubenzuron from mud was 100.8+/-1.1% and 105.5+/-4.3% for shell sand. The limit of quantitation was found to be 0.1 microg g(-1). The stability of diflubenzuron was studied under laboratory conditions in marine sediments at different temperatures (4 and 14 degrees C). No degradation of diflubenzuron occurred in the organic rich mud sediment or in the shell sand sediment during the experimental period of 204 days. Increasing the temperature from 4 to 14 degrees C had no effect on the stability. Furthermore, diflubenzuron showed to be persistent in both mud and shell sand sediment since no detectable diffusion from the sediment to the water phase occurred during the experimental period of 204 days. Increasing the water current in the tanks had no effect on the persistence. Under field conditions, the concentrations of diflubenzuron found in the organic material from sediment traps placed 2 m from the bottom under the cage in a fish farm during medication were high and ranged from 71 to 259 microg g(-1). The concentrations of diflubenzuron in the sediment under the fish farm were, however, low, with a maximum concentration of 5.4 microg g(-1). The dispersion of diflubenzuron to the sediment was limited to less than 20 m from the edge of the cage in every direction. Fifteen months following the medication, only traces (< 0.1 microg g(-1)) of diflubenzuron were detected in the sediment under the fish farm. Possible explanations for this decrease are resuspension and redistribution of sediment and/or oxic degradation of the drug.
建立了一种高效液相色谱（HPLC）法，用于测定海水淤泥和贝壳砂中用于养鱼业的灭虱剂敌氟隆的浓度。敌氟隆在淤泥中的回收率为100.8±1.1%，在贝壳砂中的回收率为105.5±4.3%。定量限为0.1μg g⁻¹。在实验室条件下，研究了敌氟隆在不同温度（4℃和14℃）的海洋沉积物中的稳定性。在204天的实验期内，富含有机物的淤泥沉积物和贝壳砂沉积物中均未发生敌氟隆降解。将温度从4℃提高到14℃对稳定性没有影响。此外，敌氟隆在淤泥和贝壳砂沉积物中均表现出持久性，因为在204天的实验期内，未检测到沉积物向水相的扩散。增加水箱中的水流速度对持久性没有影响。在现场条件下，在养鱼场用药期间，放置在网箱下方距底部2 m处的沉积物捕集器中的有机物质中，敌氟隆的浓度很高，范围为71至259μg g⁻¹。然而，养鱼场下方沉积物中敌氟隆的浓度较低，最大浓度为5.4μg g⁻¹。敌氟隆向沉积物的扩散在各个方向上均限于距网箱边缘不到20 m的范围内。用药后15个月，在养鱼场下方的沉积物中仅检测到痕量（<0.1μg g⁻¹）的敌氟隆。这种下降的可能原因是沉积物的再悬浮和重新分布和/或药物的有氧降解。
