Westerterp-Plantenga M S, van Marken Lichtenbelt W D, Cilissen C, Top S
Department of Human Biology, University of Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Physiol Behav. 2002;75(1-2):227-35. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00649-7.
Ambient temperature has been shown to affect energy metabolism in field situations. Therefore, we assessed the effect of a short exposure to the thermoneutral zone, i.e., 27 degrees C (81 degrees F), in comparison to the usual ambient temperature of 22 degrees C (72 degrees F), on energy expenditure (EE), substrate oxidation, and energy intake (EI) in a controlled situation. Subjects, i.e., women (ages 22+/-2 years, BMI 22+/-3, 28+/-4% body fat), stayed in a respiration chamber three times for 48 h each: once at 22 degrees C, and twice at 27 degrees C in random order, wearing standardized clothing, executing a standardized daily-activities protocol, and being fed in energy balance (EB). During the last 24 h at 22 degrees C, and once during the last 24 h at 27 degrees C, they were fed ad libitum. At 27 degrees C, compared to at 22 degrees C, EE was 8.9+/-1.3 MJ/day vs. 9.9+/-1.5 MJ/day (P<.001) due to decreases in diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) and activity-induced energy expenditure (AEE) (P<.01); respiratory quotient (RQ) had increased (P<.05); core (P<.05) and skin (P<.001) temperatures had increased. During ad lib feeding, EI was 90-91% of EE (P=.9), due to changes in energy density (ED) of the food choice (P<.01), and related to changes in body temperature and EE (P<.001). Thus, at 27 degrees C, compared to 22 degrees C, energy metabolism was reduced by reductions in DIT and in AEE, while RQ was increased. Reduction in EI was primarily related to body temperature changes and secondarily to changes in EE.
已有研究表明，环境温度会影响野外环境下的能量代谢。因此，我们评估了在可控环境中，短期暴露于热中性区（即27摄氏度，81华氏度）与通常的22摄氏度（72华氏度）环境温度相比，对能量消耗（EE）、底物氧化和能量摄入（EI）的影响。受试者为女性（年龄22±2岁，体重指数22±3，体脂率28±4%），在呼吸室内停留三次，每次48小时：一次在22摄氏度，两次在27摄氏度，顺序随机，穿着标准化服装，执行标准化日常活动方案，并保持能量平衡（EB）饮食。在22摄氏度的最后24小时以及27摄氏度的最后24小时中的一次，她们可随意进食。与22摄氏度相比，在27摄氏度时，由于饮食诱导产热（DIT）和活动诱导能量消耗（AEE）降低（P<0.01），EE为8.9±1.3兆焦/天，而在22摄氏度时为9.9±1.5兆焦/天（P<0.001）；呼吸商（RQ）升高（P<0.05）；核心温度（P<0.05）和皮肤温度（P<0.001）升高。在随意进食期间，EI为EE的90 - 91%（P = 0.9），这是由于食物选择的能量密度（ED）变化（P<0.01），且与体温和EE变化相关（P<0.001）。因此，与22摄氏度相比，在27摄氏度时，能量代谢因DIT和AEE降低而减少，而RQ升高。EI的降低主要与体温变化有关，其次与EE变化有关。
