School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 18;16(2):270. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16020270.
High-temperature weather appears in high frequency, big strength, and long duration in the summer. It is therefore important to study the effects of high-temperature weather on sleep quality and appetite. Ten healthy college students were selected as subjects. The experiment conditions were divided by the daily maximum temperature into 28 °C, 32 °C, 36 °C, and 38 °C. The objective sleep quality was measured by an intelligent sleep monitoring belt, and the subjective sleep quality was measured by a questionnaire survey. The subjective appetites were assessed by a visual analog scale (VAS), and the objective appetites were assessed by the meal weight and the meal time. For sleep quality, the objective results indicated that the sleep quality at 32 °C was the best, followed by 28 °C, while the sleep quality at 36 °C and 38 °C was the worst. Significant effects were mainly reflected in sleep duration and shallow sleep. The subjective results showed that temperature had significant effects on sleep calmness, difficulty in falling asleep, sleep satisfaction, and sleep adequateness. For appetite, the VAS results indicated that high temperatures mainly led to a reduction of appetite at lunch time. The meal weights of lunch were larger than those of supper except for 28 °C, and the meal time of lunch and supper was longer than that of breakfast. The meal time of lunch was longer than that of supper except for 36 °C. This paper can provide a study method and reference data for the sleep quality and appetite of human in high-temperature weather.
高温天气在夏季频繁出现，强度大、持续时间长。因此，研究高温天气对睡眠质量和食欲的影响非常重要。本研究选取 10 名健康大学生作为研究对象，根据日最高气温将实验条件分为 28°C、32°C、36°C 和 38°C 四组。使用智能睡眠监测带测量客观睡眠质量，通过问卷调查评估主观睡眠质量。采用视觉模拟量表（VAS）评估主观食欲，通过餐量和用餐时间评估客观食欲。对于睡眠质量，客观结果表明 32°C 时睡眠质量最佳，其次是 28°C，而 36°C 和 38°C 时睡眠质量最差。主要的显著影响体现在睡眠持续时间和浅睡上。主观结果显示，温度对睡眠平静度、入睡困难、睡眠满意度和睡眠充足度有显著影响。对于食欲，VAS 结果表明，高温主要导致午餐时间的食欲下降。除 28°C 外，午餐的餐量均大于晚餐，且午餐和晚餐的用餐时间均长于早餐。除 36°C 外，午餐的用餐时间长于晚餐。本研究可为高温天气下人体的睡眠质量和食欲提供研究方法和参考数据。
