Garcion Emmanuel, Wion-Barbot Nelly, Montero-Menei Claudia N, Berger François, Wion Didier
INSERM ERIT-M 0104, 10 rue André Boquel, 49100 Angers, France.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Apr;13(3):100-5. doi: 10.1016/s1043-2760(01)00547-1.
Accumulating data have provided evidence that 1 alpha,25 dihydroxyvitamin D(3) [1,25-(OH)(2)D(3)] is involved in brain function. Thus, the nuclear receptor for 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) has been localized in neurons and glial cells. Genes encoding the enzymes involved in the metabolism of this hormone are also expressed in brain cells. The reported biological effects of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) in the nervous system include the biosynthesis of neurotrophic factors and at least one enzyme involved in neurotransmitter synthesis. 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) can also inhibit the synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase and increase glutathione levels, suggesting a role for the hormone in brain detoxification pathways. Neuroprotective and immunomodulatory effects of this hormone have been described in several experimental models, indicating the potential value of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) pharmacological analogs in neurodegenerative and neuroimmune diseases. In addition, 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) induces glioma cell death, making the hormone of potential interest in the management of brain tumors. These results reveal previously unsuspected roles for 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) in brain function and suggest possible areas of future research.
越来越多的数据表明，1α,25-二羟基维生素D(3)[1,25-(OH)₂D₃]参与大脑功能。因此，1,25-(OH)₂D₃的核受体已定位在神经元和神经胶质细胞中。编码参与该激素代谢的酶的基因也在脑细胞中表达。1,25-(OH)₂D₃在神经系统中报道的生物学效应包括神经营养因子的生物合成以及至少一种参与神经递质合成的酶。1,25-(OH)₂D₃还可以抑制诱导型一氧化氮合酶的合成并提高谷胱甘肽水平，表明该激素在脑解毒途径中发挥作用。在几个实验模型中已经描述了这种激素的神经保护和免疫调节作用，表明1,25-(OH)₂D₃药理学类似物在神经退行性疾病和神经免疫疾病中的潜在价值。此外，1,25-(OH)₂D₃诱导胶质瘤细胞死亡，使该激素在脑肿瘤管理中具有潜在意义。这些结果揭示了1,25-(OH)₂D₃在大脑功能中以前未被怀疑的作用，并提出了未来可能的研究领域。
