Rüesch Peter, Meyer Peter C, Graf Janine, Hell Daniel
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Switzerland.
Psychiatr Prax. 2002 Mar;29(2):68-75. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-22040.
This study is on employment on the competitive as well as the sheltered work market of psychiatric in-patients suffering from schizophrenia or affective disorders. Furthermore it investigates the importance of characteristics of disorder and of educational and vocational background as predictors of occupation.
A sample of 251 in-patients participated in a structured interview during their hospitalization.
43 % of in-patients suffering from schizophrenia and 46 % suffering from affective disorders were employed on the competitive work market during the year before index-hospitalization. Many were without any occupation too because sheltered employment was rarely used and mostly by schizophrenics (17 % vs 4 % of persons with affective disorders). Predictors of employment are past vocational experiences, education, length of past hospitalization, psychiatric diagnosis and sex.
Results raise the question of deficits in providing with sheltered employment opportunities for the mentally ill and in particular for people suffering from affective disorders. Alternatives to these deficits are discussed.
本研究针对患有精神分裂症或情感障碍的精神病住院患者在竞争性工作市场以及庇护性工作市场的就业情况。此外，还调查了疾病特征、教育和职业背景作为职业预测因素的重要性。
251名住院患者在住院期间参与了结构化访谈。
在索引住院前一年，43%的精神分裂症住院患者和46%的情感障碍住院患者在竞争性工作市场就业。许多人也没有任何职业，因为庇护性就业很少被采用，且大多是精神分裂症患者（17%，而情感障碍患者为4%）。就业的预测因素包括过去的职业经历、教育程度、过去的住院时间、精神科诊断和性别。
研究结果提出了为精神病患者，尤其是情感障碍患者提供庇护性就业机会方面存在不足的问题。讨论了弥补这些不足的替代方案。
