Fairey Adrian S, Courneya Kerry S, Field Catherine J, Mackey John R
Center for Health Promotion Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Cancer. 2002 Jan 15;94(2):539-51. doi: 10.1002/cncr.10244.
There are a limited number of interventions for cancer survivors following completion of primary therapy that might reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and/or secondary malignancies and increase survival times. It has been proposed that physical exercise may be beneficial by enhancing the anticancer immune system response. The purpose of the current article is to: 1) briefly describe the immune system response to tumors, 2) discuss the impact of anticancer therapy on immune system function in cancer survivors, 3) provide a systematic and comprehensive review of the extant literature examining physical exercise and immune system function in cancer survivors, and 4) offer a critical analysis of this literature and outline directions for future research.
A comprehensive literature search up to March 2001 identified empirical articles that examined the effects of physical exercise training on immune system function in cancer survivors from CD-ROM database searches and manual searches.
To the authors' knowledge, six empirical studies published between 1994 and 2000 have examined physical exercise and immune system function in cancer survivors. Overall, four out of six studies reported statistically significant improvements in a number of cancer-related immune system components as a result of exercise. However, there are several limitations that must be considered when interpreting the findings of these studies. These limitations involve the samples, designs, physical exercise interventions, physical fitness assessments, and immunologic assessments.
Additional research is needed to determine if physical exercise in cancer survivors may reduce the risk of cancer recurrence and secondary malignancies and increase survival times.
对于完成初始治疗后的癌症幸存者，能够降低癌症复发和/或继发恶性肿瘤风险并延长生存时间的干预措施数量有限。有人提出体育锻炼可能通过增强抗癌免疫系统反应而有益。本文的目的是：1）简要描述免疫系统对肿瘤的反应；2）讨论抗癌治疗对癌症幸存者免疫系统功能的影响；3）对现有研究癌症幸存者体育锻炼与免疫系统功能的文献进行系统全面的综述；4）对该文献进行批判性分析并概述未来研究方向。
截至2001年3月的全面文献检索确定了通过光盘数据库检索和手工检索得出的实证文章，这些文章研究了体育锻炼训练对癌症幸存者免疫系统功能的影响。
据作者所知，1994年至2000年间发表的六项实证研究考察了癌症幸存者的体育锻炼与免疫系统功能。总体而言，六项研究中有四项报告称，运动使一些与癌症相关的免疫系统成分在统计学上有显著改善。然而，在解释这些研究结果时必须考虑几个局限性。这些局限性涉及样本、设计、体育锻炼干预、体能评估和免疫学评估。
需要更多研究来确定癌症幸存者进行体育锻炼是否可以降低癌症复发和继发恶性肿瘤的风险并延长生存时间。
