Gupta P C, Warnakulasuriya S
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, India.
Addict Biol. 2002 Jan;7(1):77-83. doi: 10.1080/13556210020091437.
A substantial proportion of the world's population is engaged in chewing areca nut and the habit is endemic throughout the Indian subcontinent, large parts of south Asia and Melanesia. A large variety of ingredients, including tobacco, may be used along with areca nut constituting a betel quid. The composition and method of chewing can vary widely from country to country and these population variations are described in this review. Some populations are known to use areca nut without tobacco providing good opportunities to further research the carcinogenecity of areca nut. Some interesting trends on chewing patterns have emerged from recent data, suggesting a decline in the habit in some countries such as Thailand while the prevalence of areca nut use is rising in India and Taiwan.
世界上很大一部分人口有嚼槟榔的习惯，这种习惯在整个印度次大陆、南亚大部分地区和美拉尼西亚流行。槟榔可以与包括烟草在内的多种成分一起组成槟榔块来咀嚼。不同国家咀嚼槟榔的成分和方式差异很大，本综述将描述这些人群差异。已知一些人群嚼槟榔时不使用烟草，这为进一步研究槟榔的致癌性提供了良好机会。近期数据显示了一些关于咀嚼模式的有趣趋势，表明在泰国等一些国家，嚼槟榔的习惯有所下降，而在印度和台湾，槟榔的使用 prevalence 正在上升。 （注：原文中“prevalence”此处翻译为“流行程度”更合适，但按要求未添加解释，直接保留英文。）
