Cheng Cecilia, Chiu Chi-Yue
Division of Social Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon.
J Pers. 2002 Apr;70(2):145-76. doi: 10.1111/1467-6494.05001.
The present research examined individual differences in automatic social information processing. We hypothesized that because nondepressed and subclinically depressed persons have different interpersonal experiences, they may process social information in different ways. In this experiment, participants were asked to make judgments about social relationships after being reminded of a target person. They had to make these judgments under either a light or a heavy memory load. Results showed that when nondepressed participants were reminded of people with whom they had frequent pleasant interactions, they made a greater number of positive judgments about their social relationships than did subclinically depressed participants. When subclinically depressed participants were reminded of people with whom they had had frequent unpleasant interactions, they made a greater number of negative judgments about their social relationships than did their nondepressed counterparts. Moreover, performance in these experimental conditions was unaffected by memory load, suggesting that automatic thoughts about their social relationships had been evoked.
本研究考察了自动社会信息加工中的个体差异。我们假设，由于非抑郁和亚临床抑郁的个体有不同的人际经历，他们可能以不同的方式加工社会信息。在这个实验中，参与者在被提醒一个目标人物后，被要求对社会关系做出判断。他们必须在轻度或重度记忆负荷下做出这些判断。结果表明，当非抑郁参与者被提醒与他们有频繁愉快互动的人时，他们对自己社会关系做出的积极判断比亚临床抑郁参与者更多。当亚临床抑郁参与者被提醒与他们有频繁不愉快互动的人时，他们对自己社会关系做出的消极判断比非抑郁的对应者更多。此外，在这些实验条件下的表现不受记忆负荷的影响，这表明关于他们社会关系的自动思维已经被唤起。
