Skilling Tracey A, Harris Grant T, Rice Marnie E, Quinsey Vernon L
Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Penetanguishene Mental Health Centre, Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada.
Psychol Assess. 2002 Mar;14(1):27-38.
Early starting, lifetime criminal persistence has been called sociopathy, antisocial personality disorder, and psychopathy. There is, however, disagreement about its core features and which measure is best for identifying such individuals. In the 1st of 2 studies of male offenders (n = 74), we found a large association between scores on the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; R. D. Hare, 1991) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed. [DSM-IV]; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) antisocial personality disorder criteria scored as a scale. The second study (n = 684) replicated this finding and found that, as previously shown for PCL-R scores, a discrete class (or taxon) also underlies scores on items reflecting antisocial personality disorder. The high association among these sets of items and their similarity in predicting violence suggested that the same natural class underlies each. Results indicated that life-course-persistent antisociality can be assessed well by measures of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder.
早期开始且终生持续的犯罪行为一直被称为反社会人格障碍、社会病态人格障碍和精神病态。然而，对于其核心特征以及哪种测量方法最适合识别这类个体存在分歧。在对男性罪犯进行的两项研究中的第一项研究（n = 74）中，我们发现《精神病态量表修订版》（PCL - R；R. D. 黑尔，1991）得分与《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（第4版 [DSM - IV]；美国精神病学协会，1994）中作为一个量表评分的反社会人格障碍标准之间存在很大关联。第二项研究（n = 684）重复了这一发现，并发现，正如之前对PCL - R得分所显示的那样，一个离散类别（或分类单元）也构成了反映反社会人格障碍项目得分的基础。这些项目集之间的高度关联以及它们在预测暴力方面的相似性表明，每个项目集都基于同一个自然类别。结果表明，通过精神病态和反社会人格障碍的测量方法可以很好地评估终生持续的反社会性。
