Cohen MaryAnn, Hoffman Rosalind G, Cromwell Caroline, Schmeidler James, Ebrahim Fahmy, Carrera Gloria, Endorf Fred, Alfonso Cesar A, Jacobson Jeffrey M
AIDS Center, Box 1009, Mount Sinai Medical Center, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Psychosomatics. 2002 Jan-Feb;43(1):10-5. doi: 10.1176/appi.psy.43.1.10.
The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of distress, anxiety, and depression in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and determine the feasibility of screening in an urban HIV primary care setting. A convenience sample of 101 patients in the waiting room of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome clinic completed two questionnaires, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Distress Thermometer. The patient's demographic, medical, and psychiatric histories were obtained through chart review. The results of the Distress Thermometer revealed that 72.3% had a score of 5 or greater, demonstrating high distress. The results of the HADS revealed that 70.3% had high anxiety, with a score of 7 or greater. On the HADS depression questions, 45.5% had a score of 7 or greater, indicating depression. Analysis of the total HADS scores, including anxiety and depression, revealed that 53.5% had a score of greater than 15 and were experiencing significant distress. Patients with high viral loads were more likely to be distressed (P < 0.0005). Patients with high viral loads were also more likely to have higher anxiety or depression scores on the HADS. Patients who had CD4 counts higher than 500/mm(3) were less likely to be depressed. This study demonstrates a high prevalence of distress, anxiety, and depression among persons with HIV. The HADS and the Distress Thermometer showed a good correlation with each other (P < 0.0005), and these questionnaires can provide a simple and efficient method for rapid screening in an HIV clinic setting.
本研究的目的是评估人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者中痛苦、焦虑和抑郁的患病率，并确定在城市HIV初级保健机构进行筛查的可行性。在一家获得性免疫缺陷综合征诊所候诊室选取101名患者作为便利样本，他们完成了两份问卷，即医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和痛苦温度计。通过查阅病历获取患者的人口统计学、医学和精神病史。痛苦温度计的结果显示，72.3%的患者得分在5分或以上，表明存在高度痛苦。HADS的结果显示，70.3%的患者焦虑程度高，得分在7分或以上。在HADS抑郁问题方面，45.5%的患者得分在7分或以上，表明存在抑郁。对包括焦虑和抑郁在内的HADS总分进行分析显示，53.5%的患者得分高于15分，且正经历显著痛苦。病毒载量高的患者更易出现痛苦（P<0.0005）。病毒载量高的患者在HADS上的焦虑或抑郁得分也更高。CD4细胞计数高于500/mm³的患者抑郁的可能性较小。本研究表明HIV感染者中痛苦、焦虑和抑郁的患病率很高。HADS和痛苦温度计相互之间具有良好的相关性（P<0.0005），这些问卷可为HIV诊所环境中的快速筛查提供一种简单有效的方法。
