Klimek L, Bachert C, Hörmann K
Zentrum für Rhinologie und Allergologie, Wiesbaden, und HNO-Universitätsklinik, Mannheim.
MMW Fortschr Med. 2002 Mar 7;144(10):41-3.
Glucocorticoids are an effective therapeutic option for most forms of non-infectious rhinitis and sinusitis. In Germany, dexamethasone, beclomethasone diproprionate, flunisolide, fluocortin butyl ester, budesonide, fluticasone proprionate, triamcinolone acetonide and mometasone furoate are available for nasal application. The action of these drugs is mediated by cytoplasmic receptors (glucocorticoid receptors). In addition, receptor-independent immediate effects are also known. To ensure optimal efficacy of corticoid sprays, detailed patient instruction is of importance, with particular emphasis being placed on the correct spraying technique and regular application. Modern preparations are associated with very few side effects. There is no evidence that mucosal atrophy occurs.
糖皮质激素是大多数非感染性鼻炎和鼻窦炎的有效治疗选择。在德国，地塞米松、二丙酸倍氯米松、氟尼缩松、丁酯氟轻松、布地奈德、丙酸氟替卡松、曲安奈德和糠酸莫米松可用于鼻腔给药。这些药物的作用是由细胞质受体（糖皮质激素受体）介导的。此外，受体非依赖性即时效应也为人所知。为确保皮质类固醇喷雾剂的最佳疗效，详细的患者指导很重要，尤其要强调正确的喷雾技术和规律用药。现代制剂的副作用非常少。没有证据表明会发生黏膜萎缩。
