Ahmed Farid E
Dept of Radiation Oncology, Leo W. Jenkins Cancer Center, The Brody School of Medicine, LSB 014, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA.
Trends Biotechnol. 2002 May;20(5):215-23. doi: 10.1016/s0167-7799(01)01920-5.
Legislation enacted worldwide to regulate the presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in crops, foods and ingredients, necessitated the development of reliable and sensitive methods for GMO detection. In this article, protein- and DNA-based methods employing western blots, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, lateral flow strips, Southern blots, qualitative-, quantitative-, real-time- and limiting dilution-PCR methods, are discussed. Where information on modified gene sequences is not available, new approaches, such as near-infrared spectrometry, might tackle the problem of detection of non-approved genetically modified (GM) foods. The efficiency of screening, identification and confirmation strategies should be examined with respect to false-positive rates, disappearance of marker genes, increased use of specific regulator sequences and the increasing number of GM foods.
全球范围内颁布的旨在监管转基因生物（GMO）在作物、食品及成分中存在情况的法规，使得开发可靠且灵敏的转基因生物检测方法成为必要。本文讨论了基于蛋白质和DNA的方法，包括蛋白质免疫印迹法、酶联免疫吸附测定法、侧向流动试纸条法、Southern印迹法、定性、定量、实时和极限稀释聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法。在无法获取修饰基因序列信息的情况下，诸如近红外光谱法等新方法可能会解决未获批准的转基因食品的检测问题。应针对假阳性率、标记基因消失、特定调控序列使用增加以及转基因食品数量增多等情况，对筛查、鉴定和确认策略的效率进行审视。
