Amend D F
J Wildl Dis. 1975 Oct;11(4):471-8. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-11.4.471.
Detection and transmission of Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was studied at a commercial trout hatchery. Transmission of virus was demonstrated via water, feed and contaminated eggs. If eggs from carrier females were incubated several weeks in virus-free water, the resulting fry did not become infected. However, if fry subsequently became infected they were lifetime carriers. Infectious virus was readily detectable in most tissues of moribund fish; in carriers it was detected in sex products of spawning fish, and in samples from the intestine of post-spawning fish, but not in samples from blood, feces, kidney, or liver. The carrier rate was not significantly different between sexes. It was concluded that adult carriers are the reservoir of infection and that transmission occurs primarily when carriers shed virus and expose susceptable fish or eggs.
在一家商业性鳟鱼孵化场对虹鳟（Salmo gairdneri）中传染性造血坏死病毒的检测与传播进行了研究。病毒通过水、饲料和受污染的鱼卵进行传播。如果携带病毒的雌鱼所产的鱼卵在无病毒的水中孵化数周，孵出的鱼苗不会被感染。然而，如果鱼苗随后被感染，它们就会终生携带病毒。在濒死鱼的大多数组织中很容易检测到传染性病毒；在携带病毒的鱼中，在产卵鱼的生殖产物以及产后鱼肠道的样本中检测到了病毒，但在血液、粪便、肾脏或肝脏的样本中未检测到。雌雄鱼的携带率没有显著差异。得出的结论是，成年带毒者是感染源，传播主要发生在带毒者排出病毒并使易感鱼或鱼卵接触到病毒的时候。
