Lembas-Bogaczyk J, Marchewka Z, Długosz A
Katedra i Zakład Toksykologii AM 50-417 Wrocław, ul. Traugutta 57/59.
Przegl Lek. 2001;58 Suppl 7:44-8.
The aim of the research was to evaluate the environmental exposure of Wroclaw inhabitants on nickel compounds and an assessment of their nephrotoxic effects. The study was realized in a group of 74 inhabitants of the Wroclaw's district Krzyki and compared with a group of 24 inhabitants of the countryfield Kobierzyce community located in the 20 km distance from Wroclaw. A nickel concentration was measured in morning urine of all the Wroclaw inhabitants, whereas nephrotoxicity indices were determined in the 26 inhabitants characterised by the increased nickel concentration (2.8 micrograms/l); in urine of 19 inhabitants this concentration was found to be normal. The average nickel concentration in the urine of the 74 Wroclaw inhabitants was equal to 2.85 +/- 0.22 micrograms/l. 40.5% of this group were characterised by the concentration higher than the physiological one, 4.05% of this group had that concentration higher than 7.9 micrograms/l which gives an evidence of the environmental exposure. In the Kobierzyce group the average nickel concentration in urine was 3.34 +/- 0.23 micrograms/l which is significantly higher (at p < or = 0.001) than that for the Wroclaw group. Moreover, in the Kobierzyce group, 62.5% inhabitants was higher the nickel concentration than the physiological one but still lower than the environmental exposure. Our results indicate that the Wroclaw inhabitants are not more exposed to nickel compounds in comparison with the countryside inhabitants. A nephrotoxic action of nickel was detected through the increased excretion of the sialic acid in urine which is an evidence of the reduced glomelural filtration. A positive correlation between the urine nickel concentration and the urine free sialic acid was found (r = 0.61). No increase in the urine N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), isoenzyme NAG-B, beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2 M) and retinal binding protein (RBP) concentrations were found which could indicate a damage in kidney tubules.
该研究的目的是评估弗罗茨瓦夫居民对镍化合物的环境暴露情况，并评估其肾毒性作用。该研究在弗罗茨瓦夫市Krzyki区的74名居民中进行，并与距离弗罗茨瓦夫20公里的农村Kobierzyce社区的24名居民组成的小组进行比较。对所有弗罗茨瓦夫居民的晨尿中的镍浓度进行了测量，而在26名镍浓度升高（2.8微克/升）的居民中测定了肾毒性指标；在19名居民的尿液中，该浓度被发现是正常的。74名弗罗茨瓦夫居民尿液中的平均镍浓度等于2.85±0.22微克/升。该组中有40.5%的人镍浓度高于生理浓度，该组中有4.05%的人镍浓度高于7.9微克/升，这证明了存在环境暴露。在Kobierzyce组中，尿液中的平均镍浓度为3.34±0.23微克/升，显著高于（p≤0.001）弗罗茨瓦夫组。此外，在Kobierzyce组中，62.5%的居民镍浓度高于生理浓度，但仍低于环境暴露水平。我们的结果表明，与农村居民相比，弗罗茨瓦夫居民对镍化合物的暴露并不更多。通过尿液中唾液酸排泄增加检测到镍的肾毒性作用，这是肾小球滤过减少的证据。发现尿液镍浓度与尿液游离唾液酸之间存在正相关（r = 0.61）。未发现尿液N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、同工酶NAG-B、β2-微球蛋白（β2M）和视黄醇结合蛋白（RBP）浓度增加，这可能表明肾小管受损。
