Baranowska-Dutkiewicz B, Rózańska R, Dutkiewicz T
Pharmaceutical Faculty, Silesian Medical Academy, Sosnowiec, Poland.
Pol J Occup Med Environ Health. 1992;5(4):335-43.
Exposure to nickel was evaluated on the base of nickel in urine concentration (Ni-U) in 649 persons both adults and pre-school and school children; 241 persons were occupationally exposed in steel-mill and rolling-mill. Environmentally exposed groups consisted of inhabitants of industrial and rural towns. The occupationally exposed groups showed Ni-U mean concentrations amounted to 25.7, 18.1, 15.9, and 15.7 micrograms/m3. In environmentally exposed groups of adults, Ni-U concentrations were almost equal to those in persons inhabiting industrial and rural areas-7.8 and 7.7.micrograms/dm3, respectively. Ni-U concentrations in children groups were more differentiated 8.5 and 9.2 micrograms/dm3 in rural area and 9.9 and 10.6 micrograms/dm3 in industrial area. The recommended mean group allowable Ni-U concentrations for occupational exposure amounts to 12 micrograms/dm3 and for environmental exposure 2.7 micrograms/dm3. In view of the above mentioned Ni-U allowable values it is evident that there exist significant occupational exposure and elevated environmental exposure in the defined percent of the investigated population.
通过检测649名成年人、学龄前儿童和学龄儿童尿液中的镍浓度（Ni-U）来评估镍暴露情况；其中241人在钢厂和轧钢厂有职业暴露。环境暴露组包括工业城镇和乡村城镇的居民。职业暴露组的Ni-U平均浓度分别为25.7、18.1、15.9和15.7微克/立方米。在环境暴露的成年人群体中，Ni-U浓度几乎与居住在工业和农村地区的人群相同，分别为7.8和7.7微克/立方分米。儿童组的Ni-U浓度差异更大，农村地区为8.5和9.2微克/立方分米，工业区为9.9和10.6微克/立方分米。职业暴露的推荐平均组允许Ni-U浓度为12微克/立方分米，环境暴露为2.7微克/立方分米。鉴于上述Ni-U允许值，很明显在一定比例的被调查人群中存在显著的职业暴露和环境暴露升高情况。
