Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, RG6 6AH, UK.
Molecules. 2019 Jan 28;24(3):466. doi: 10.3390/molecules24030466.
The aim of this work was to evaluate a previously-developed model on supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) for carotenoid recovery from carrot peels on various carotenoid-rich fruit and vegetable wastes. To this end, 15 matrices, including flesh and peels of sweet potato, tomato, apricot, pumpkin and peach, as well as flesh and wastes of green, yellow and red peppers, were submitted to SFE under optimised conditions (59 °C, 350 bar, 15 g/min CO₂, 15.5% () ethanol as co-solvent, 30 min of extraction time). The obtained extracts were characterised for their total carotenoid content, antioxidant activity and total carotenoid recovery (TCR). TCR values were greater than 90% for most samples, with β-carotene being the most successfully extracted compound (TCRs 88⁻100% ). More polar carotenoids, such as lutein and lycopene, exhibited lower TCRs. A comparison with literature data suggested that carotenoid extraction is partially dependent on the composition of vegetable matrices, specifically on polysaccharide and moisture content. The results indicated that the optimised SFE conditions can be used as a general model for carotenoid extraction from various fruit and vegetable matrices and as a viable method for adding value to these waste streams by generating carotenoid-rich extracts.
本工作旨在评估先前开发的超临界流体萃取 (SFE) 模型，以从胡萝卜皮等各种富含类胡萝卜素的水果和蔬菜废物中回收类胡萝卜素。为此，将包括甘薯、番茄、杏仁、南瓜和桃子的果肉和果皮，以及青椒、黄椒和红椒的果肉和废料在内的 15 种基质在优化条件下（59°C、350 巴、15 g/min CO₂、15.5% () 乙醇作为共溶剂、萃取时间 30 分钟）进行 SFE。对获得的提取物进行总类胡萝卜素含量、抗氧化活性和总类胡萝卜素回收率（TCR）的特征分析。对于大多数样品，TCR 值大于 90%，其中β-胡萝卜素是最成功提取的化合物（TCR 为 88⁻100%）。极性较高的类胡萝卜素，如叶黄素和番茄红素，TCR 值较低。与文献数据的比较表明，类胡萝卜素的提取部分取决于蔬菜基质的组成，特别是多糖和水分含量。结果表明，优化的 SFE 条件可作为从各种水果和蔬菜基质中提取类胡萝卜素的通用模型，并可作为通过生成富含类胡萝卜素的提取物为这些废物流增值的可行方法。
