Toole Bryan P
Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Glycobiology. 2002 Mar;12(3):37R-42R. doi: 10.1093/glycob/12.3.37r.
Hyaluronan is a high-molecular-weight, negatively charged polysaccharide with unusual physical and interactive properties. Hyaluronan is localized in the extracellular matrix, at the cell surface, and inside cells. Its tissue distribution is ubiquitous, but it is particularly concentrated in pericellular matrices surrounding proliferating and migrating cells. Hyaluronan contributes to cell behavior in at least three ways. Its unique physical properties influence the biomechanical properties of extracellular and pericellular matrices; it is a template for assembly of other pericellular macromolecules; and it interacts directly with cell surface receptors that transduce intracellular signals. Experimental studies in animal models have documented a crucial role for hyaluronan in tumor growth and metastasis. Cellular manipulations have shown that hyaluronan promotes anchorage-independent growth and invasiveness, hallmarks of the malignant phenotype.
透明质酸是一种高分子量、带负电荷的多糖，具有独特的物理和相互作用特性。透明质酸定位于细胞外基质、细胞表面及细胞内。其在组织中的分布广泛，但特别集中在增殖和迁移细胞周围的细胞周基质中。透明质酸至少通过三种方式影响细胞行为。其独特的物理特性影响细胞外和细胞周基质的生物力学特性；它是其他细胞周大分子组装的模板；并且它直接与转导细胞内信号的细胞表面受体相互作用。动物模型的实验研究已证明透明质酸在肿瘤生长和转移中起关键作用。细胞操作表明，透明质酸可促进不依赖贴壁生长和侵袭，这是恶性表型的标志。
