Greenwald Rebecca J, Latchman Yvette E, Sharpe Arlene H
Immunology Research Division, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2002 Jun;14(3):391-6. doi: 10.1016/s0952-7915(02)00341-2.
The past year has seen significant advances in our understanding of critical roles of negative immunoregulatory signals delivered through the B7-CD28 superfamily in regulating T cell activation and tolerance. Structural data on CTLA-4 have provided novel insights into the inhibitory functions of CTLA-4. Initial characterization of the PD-1-PD-1-ligand pathway has revealed that this pathway can downregulate TCR- and CD28-mediated signals. Recent studies indicate that ICOS exerts distinct effects at different phases of an immune response: ICOS can inhibit as well as stimulate T cell responses.
在过去一年里，我们对通过B7-CD28超家族传递的负性免疫调节信号在调节T细胞活化和耐受性中的关键作用有了重大进展。关于CTLA-4的结构数据为CTLA-4的抑制功能提供了新的见解。对PD-1-PD-1配体途径的初步表征表明，该途径可下调TCR和CD28介导的信号。最近的研究表明，ICOS在免疫反应的不同阶段发挥不同作用：ICOS既能抑制也能刺激T细胞反应。
