Martínez Norma, Espul Carlos, Cuello Hector, Zhong Weiming, Jiang Xi, Matson David O, Berke Tamas
Virology Laboratory, Central Hospital, Mendoza, Argentina.
J Med Virol. 2002 Jun;67(2):289-98. doi: 10.1002/jmv.2220.
Human caliciviruses were detected by EIA and/or RT-PCR in stool specimens from children with diarrhea treated at out- or in-patient facilities between 1995 and 1998 in Mendoza, Argentina. Mexico virus-like strains detected by primers NV36/51 were transiently prevalent in 1995/1996. Significantly more human caliciviruses were detected when primers were designed from contemporaneously circulating strains. Nucleotide sequences of a highly conserved region in the RNA polymerase gene of 10 selected human caliciviruses were determined. Eight strains were Norwalk-like viruses and two strains were Sapporo-like viruses. Seven of the eight Norwalk-like viruses also were positive by the recombinant Mexico virus antigen EIA. The seven Mexico virus EIA-positive strains revealed two patterns in the RNA polymerase sequences: two strains were closest to Mexico virus and the other five strains were closest to Lordsdale virus. One of the five "Lordsdale" viruses was found to be a naturally occurring recombinant between the Mexico virus and Lordsdale human calicivirus genetic clusters [Jiang et al., (1999b) Archives of Virology 144:2377-2387]. The Mexico virus EIA-negative strain had 73-77% nucleotide identity with the closest related Norwalk-like viruses, indicating it might belong to a new genetic cluster of the Norwalk-like virus genus. The two Sapporo-like viruses were distinct genetically; one belonged to the Houston/90 or Parkville cluster and the other to a new cluster. Some strains appeared to have short periods of prevalence and locally adapted primer pairs significantly increased detection rates. The finding of high diversity of circulating strains, including recombinant strains and strains with previously unrecognized genetic identities, highlights a need for studies of human caliciviruses in these children and other populations.
1995年至1998年期间，在阿根廷门多萨的门诊或住院设施接受治疗的腹泻儿童粪便样本中，通过酶免疫分析（EIA）和/或逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）检测到了人杯状病毒。用引物NV36/51检测到的墨西哥病毒样毒株在1995/1996年短暂流行。当根据同时流行的毒株设计引物时，检测到的人杯状病毒明显更多。测定了10株选定的人杯状病毒RNA聚合酶基因高度保守区域的核苷酸序列。8株为诺如病毒样毒株，2株为札幌病毒样毒株。8株诺如病毒样毒株中的7株通过重组墨西哥病毒抗原EIA检测也呈阳性。7株墨西哥病毒EIA阳性毒株在RNA聚合酶序列中显示出两种模式：2株与墨西哥病毒最接近，另外5株与洛兹代尔病毒最接近。发现5株“洛兹代尔”病毒中的1株是墨西哥病毒和洛兹代尔人杯状病毒基因簇之间自然发生的重组体[Jiang等人，（1999b）《病毒学档案》144:2377 - 2387]。墨西哥病毒EIA阴性毒株与最密切相关的诺如病毒样毒株具有73 - 77%的核苷酸同一性，表明它可能属于诺如病毒样病毒属的一个新基因簇。这2株札幌病毒样毒株在基因上是不同的；1株属于休斯顿/90或帕克维尔簇，另1株属于一个新簇。一些毒株似乎流行期较短，局部适应性引物对显著提高了检测率。循环毒株的高度多样性，包括重组毒株和具有以前未识别基因特征的毒株的发现，突出了对这些儿童和其他人群中人杯状病毒进行研究的必要性。
