Lien Mei-Ching, Proctor Robert W, Allen Philip A
Department of Psychological Science, Purdue Universit, USA.
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 2002 Apr;28(2):396-409. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.28.2.396.
Four experiments examined whether the psychological refractory period (PRP) effect can be eliminated with ideomotor compatible (IM) but not stimulus-response compatible (SR) tasks, as reported by A. G. Greenwald and H. G. Shulman (1973). Their tasks were used: a left or right movement to a left- or right-pointing arrow (IM) or to the word left or right (SR) for Task 1; saying "A" or "B" (IM) or "1" or "2" (SR) to an auditory A or B for Task 2. The stimulus onset asynchronies were 0, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1,000 ms in Experiment 1, and only 0, 100, 200, and 1,000 ms in Experiments 2-4. The arrow was in the center of the screen in Experiments 1-3 and to the left or right in Experiment 4. As in Greenwald and Shulman's Experiment 2, the instructions stated that most often the 2 stimuli would be presented simultaneously. A PRP effect was obtained in all conditions, most likely because response-selection decisions are required even for IM tasks.
四项实验检验了心理不应期（PRP）效应是否能用观念运动相容（IM）任务消除，但不能用刺激-反应相容（SR）任务消除，正如A.G.格林沃尔德和H.G.舒尔曼（1973年）所报告的那样。采用了他们的任务：任务1中，向左或向右的箭头（IM）或单词“左”或“右”（SR）出现时，向左或向右移动；任务2中，听到听觉信号A或B时，说“A”或“B”（IM）或“1”或“2”（SR）。实验1中的刺激呈现异步时间为0、100、200、300、500和1000毫秒，实验2至4中仅为0、100、200和1000毫秒。实验1至3中箭头位于屏幕中央，实验4中箭头位于左侧或右侧。与格林沃尔德和舒尔曼的实验2一样，指示说明大多数情况下两个刺激会同时呈现。在所有条件下均获得了PRP效应，最有可能的原因是即使是IM任务也需要进行反应选择决策。
