Donenberg Geri R, Wilson Helen W, Emerson Erin, Bryant Fred B
Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois at Chicago 60612, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2002 Apr;14(2):138-57. doi: 10.1521/aeap.14.2.138.23899.
Adolescents in psychiatric care are at increased risk of HIV, yet little is known about the family factors related to sexual risk taking among these youth. We explored whether perceived parental monitoring and perceived parental permissiveness were linked to high-risk sexual behavior in 169 ethnically diverse urban youth seeking mental health services in Chicago, and we tested whether adolescent gender moderated these associations. We evaluated sexual risk taking at a global level and for specific risk behaviors (e.g., sex without a condom, sex while using drugs and alcohol). Girls reported more risky sex overall than boys, and girls were more likely than boys to report having sex without a condom. At low levels of parental permissiveness, rates of risky sex among boys and girls' did not differ, but at high levels of permissiveness girls reported more sexual risk taking than boys, and girls were more likely than boys to report having sex while using drugs and alcohol and having sex without a condom. Findings highlight the complexity of adolescent sexual behavior and the need for multilevel assessment of risk taking. Results suggest that parental monitoring and permissiveness are more strongly associated with sexual risk taking in troubled girls than troubled boys, and they underscore a need for gender-sensitive, family-focused HIV-prevention programs.
接受精神科护理的青少年感染艾滋病毒的风险增加，但对于这些青少年中与性冒险行为相关的家庭因素却知之甚少。我们探讨了在芝加哥寻求心理健康服务的169名不同种族的城市青少年中，感知到的父母监督和感知到的父母宽容度是否与高风险性行为有关，并且我们检验了青少年性别是否会调节这些关联。我们在总体层面以及针对特定风险行为（例如无保护性行为、在吸毒和饮酒时发生性行为）对性冒险行为进行了评估。总体而言，女孩报告的危险性行为比男孩更多，并且女孩比男孩更有可能报告有无保护性行为。在父母宽容度较低时，男孩和女孩的危险性行为发生率没有差异，但在宽容度较高时，女孩报告的性冒险行为比男孩更多，并且女孩比男孩更有可能报告在吸毒和饮酒时发生性行为以及无保护性行为。研究结果凸显了青少年性行为的复杂性以及对冒险行为进行多层次评估的必要性。结果表明，与问题男孩相比，父母监督和宽容度与问题女孩的性冒险行为关联更为紧密，这强调了需要开展对性别敏感、以家庭为重点的艾滋病毒预防项目。
