Dörge H C, Anderson T Bull, Sørensen H, Simonsen E B
Institute of Sports, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
J Sports Sci. 2002 Apr;20(4):293-9. doi: 10.1080/026404102753576062.
The aims of this study were to examine the release speed of the ball in maximal instep kicking with the preferred and the non-preferred leg and to relate ball speed to biomechanical differences observed during the kicking action. Seven skilled soccer players performed maximal speed place kicks with the preferred and the non-preferred leg; their movements were filmed at 400 Hz. The inter-segmental kinematics and kinetics were derived. A coefficient of restitution between the foot and the ball was calculated and rate of force development in the hip flexors and the knee extensors was measured using a Kin-Com dynamometer. Higher ball speeds were achieved with the preferred leg as a result of the higher foot speed and coefficient of restitution at the time of impact compared with the non-preferred leg. These higher foot speeds were caused by a greater amount of work on the shank originating from the angular velocity of the thigh. No differences were found in muscle moments or rate of force development. We conclude that the difference in maximal ball speed between the preferred and the non-preferred leg is caused by a better inter-segmental motion pattern and a transfer of velocity from the foot to the ball when kicking with the preferred leg.
本研究的目的是检测在使用优势腿和非优势腿进行最大脚背踢球时球的释放速度，并将球速与踢球动作中观察到的生物力学差异联系起来。七名技术娴熟的足球运动员分别用优势腿和非优势腿进行最大速度定位踢；他们的动作以400赫兹的频率拍摄。推导了节段间的运动学和动力学数据。计算了脚与球之间的恢复系数，并使用Kin-Com测力计测量了髋屈肌和膝伸肌的力量发展速率。与非优势腿相比，优势腿在击球时脚速更高且恢复系数更高，因此能达到更高的球速。这些更高的脚速是由大腿角速度产生的小腿上更大的功引起的。在肌肉力矩或力量发展速率方面未发现差异。我们得出结论，优势腿和非优势腿之间最大球速的差异是由更好的节段间运动模式以及用优势腿踢球时从脚到球的速度传递导致的。
