Apriantono Tommy, Nunome Hiroyuki, Ikegami Yasuo, Sano Shinya
Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
J Sports Sci. 2006 Sep;24(9):951-60. doi: 10.1080/02640410500386050.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of leg muscle fatigue on the kinetics and kinematics of the instep football kick. Fatigue was induced by repeated, loaded knee extension (40% body weight) and flexion (50% body weight) motions on a weight-training machine until exhaustion. The kicking motions of seven male players were captured three-dimensionally at 500 Hz before and immediately after the fatigue protocol. The significantly slower ball velocity observed in the fatigue condition was due to both reduced lower leg swing speed and poorer ball contact. The reduced leg swing speed, represented by a slower toe linear velocity immediately before ball impact and slower peak lower leg angular velocity, was most likely due to a significantly reduced resultant joint moment and motion-dependent interactive moment during kicking. These results suggest that the specific muscle fatigue induced in the present study not only diminished the ability to generate force, but also disturbed the effective action of the interactive moment leading to poorer inter-segmental coordination during kicking. Moreover, fatigue obscured the eccentric action of the knee flexors immediately before ball impact. This might increase the susceptibility to injury.
本研究的目的是检验腿部肌肉疲劳对脚背内侧踢足球的动力学和运动学的影响。通过在重量训练机上重复进行负重的膝关节伸展(体重的40%)和屈曲(体重的50%)运动直至疲劳来诱发疲劳。在疲劳方案实施前和实施后立即以500Hz的频率对7名男性运动员的踢球动作进行三维捕捉。在疲劳状态下观察到的球速明显较慢是由于小腿摆动速度降低和击球效果较差。小腿摆动速度降低表现为击球前脚趾线速度较慢以及小腿峰值角速度较慢,这很可能是由于踢球过程中合成关节力矩和运动相关的相互作用矩显著降低所致。这些结果表明,本研究中诱发的特定肌肉疲劳不仅降低了产生力量的能力,还干扰了相互作用矩的有效作用,导致踢球过程中节段间协调性变差。此外,疲劳掩盖了击球前膝关节屈肌的离心作用。这可能会增加受伤的易感性。