School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.
Institute of Sports, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Vestland, Norway.
J Sports Sci Med. 2021 Apr 1;20(2):339-348. doi: 10.52082/jssm.2021.339. eCollection 2021 Jun.
Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) is an improvement to voluntary muscle performance following a conditioning activity. There is evidence of fatigue resistance deficits in non-exercised muscles following unilateral fatiguing exercise of a contralateral muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine if a unilateral conditioning exercise protocol could induce PAPE in a contralateral, non-exercised muscle in young healthy adults. Thirty-two recreationally trained (n = 16) and athletically trained (n = 16) participants (16 males; age: 22.9 ± 2.03 years; height: 1.81 ± 0.06 m; weight: 82.8 ± 9.43 kg, and 16 females; age: 23.1 ± 2.80 years; height: 1.67 ± 0.07 m; weight: 66.4 ± 11.09 kg) were randomly allocated into two groups (dominant or non-dominant limb intervention). The experimental intervention, involved a conditioning exercise (4-repetitions of 5-seconds knee extension maximal voluntary isometric contractions: MVIC) with either the dominant (DOM) (n = 16) or non-dominant (ND) (n = 16) knee extensors with testing of the same (exercised) or contralateral (non-exercised) leg as well as a control (no conditioning exercise: n = 32) condition. Testing was performed before, 1-minute and 10-minutes after a high intensity, low volume, conditioning protocol (2 sets of 2x5-s MVIC). Pre- and post-testing included MVIC force and F100 (force developed in the first 100 ms: a proxy measure of rate of force development) and unilateral drop jump (DJ) height and contact time. There were no significant MVIC peak force or EMG nor DJ height or contact time interactions (intervention x limb dominance x time). The pre-test (0.50 ± 0.13) dominant leg MVIC F100 forces exceeded (p = 0.02) both post-test and post-10 min by a small magnitude 8.7% (d = 0.31). There was also a significant (p = 0.02) time x intervention leg x testing leg intervention, although it was observed that the control condition was as likely to demonstrate small to large magnitude changes as were the dominant and non-dominant legs. Following the conditioning activity, there was no significant evidence for non-local improvements (PAPE), or performance decreases.
运动后增强（PAPE）是指在进行调节活动后自愿肌肉性能的提高。在对对侧肌肉进行单侧疲劳运动后，未运动的肌肉中存在疲劳抵抗缺陷的证据。本研究的目的是确定单侧调节运动方案是否可以在年轻健康成年人的对侧非运动肌肉中引起 PAPE。32 名有运动习惯的训练者（n = 16）和竞技运动员（n = 16）参与者（16 名男性；年龄：22.9 ± 2.03 岁；身高：1.81 ± 0.06 m；体重：82.8 ± 9.43 kg，16 名女性；年龄：23.1 ± 2.80 岁；身高：1.67 ± 0.07 m；体重：66.4 ± 11.09 kg）被随机分为两组（优势或非优势肢体干预）。实验干预措施包括使用优势（DOM）（n = 16）或非优势（ND）（n = 16）膝关节伸肌进行 4 次 5 秒最大自主等长收缩（MVIC）的调节运动，同时测试相同（已运动）或对侧（未运动）腿部以及对照（无调节运动：n = 32）条件。在高强度、低容量的调节方案（2 组 2x5-s MVIC）之前、1 分钟和 10 分钟后进行测试。预测试和后测试包括 MVIC 力和 F100（第一个 100 毫秒内产生的力：力发展率的代理测量）以及单侧跳落（DJ）高度和接触时间。MVIC 峰值力或 EMG 以及 DJ 高度或接触时间均无显著交互作用（干预 x 肢体优势 x 时间）。优势腿的预测试（0.50 ± 0.13）MVIC F100 力超过（p = 0.02）后测试和后 10 分钟的小幅度 8.7%（d = 0.31）。虽然观察到对照组与优势和非优势腿一样，都有可能表现出小到大幅度的变化，但也存在显著的（p = 0.02）时间 x 干预腿 x 测试腿干预。在调节活动之后，没有证据表明存在非局部改善（PAPE）或运动能力下降。
