Kochanska Grazyna
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242-1407, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2002 May;38(3):339-51. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.38.3.339.
Previous research has established that children's committed, eager, willing compliance with maternal control promotes moral internalization, whereas their opposition interferes with internalization; but the causal mechanism responsible for those links is unknown. A mediational model is tested in which committed compliance and opposition are seen as influencing the child's emerging view of self on moral dimensions, and this "moral self," in turn, regulates moral conduct. Committed compliance and opposition were observed in naturalistic mother-child discipline contexts involving "do" and "don't" demands at 14, 22, 33, and 45 months. An interactive interview and observations were used to measure the moral self and internalization at 56 months (N = 74). The mediational model, involving committed compliance and opposition in the "don't" demand context, was supported, but only for boys.
以往的研究已经证实，儿童对母亲管束的坚定、热切、自愿的顺从会促进道德内化，而他们的反抗则会干扰内化过程；但造成这些关联的因果机制尚不清楚。本文检验了一个中介模型，其中坚定的顺从和反抗被视为会影响儿童在道德维度上逐渐形成的自我认知，而这种“道德自我”反过来又会调节道德行为。在涉及14个月、22个月、33个月和45个月大儿童的“做”与“不做”要求的自然主义母子管教情境中，观察到了坚定的顺从和反抗行为。通过一次互动访谈和观察来测量56个月大儿童的道德自我和内化情况（N = 74）。涉及“不做”要求情境下的坚定顺从和反抗行为的中介模型得到了支持，但仅适用于男孩。
