Weese W C, Smith I M
Arch Intern Med. 1975 Dec;135(12):1562-8.
Actinomycosis continues to elude the clinician. In only four of 57 patients seen at the University of Iowa Hospitals (and in none of 12 since 1958) the disease was correctly diagnosed on admission. The disease is more common in men, but has no seasonal or occupational predilection. A normal inhabitant of the mouth, Actinomyces israelii acts as an opportunistic infection, usually in association with bacterial invasion. It tends to follow a break in normal mucosal barriers. Fistula and palpable mass are the physical hallmarks, with pain and fever the most frequent symptoms. Definitive identification requires anaerobic culture. Chances for cure are excellent with lengthy antibiotic administration.
放线菌病仍然让临床医生难以捉摸。在衣阿华大学医院就诊的57例患者中，只有4例（自1958年以来的12例中无一例）在入院时被正确诊断。这种疾病在男性中更为常见，但没有季节性或职业倾向。以色列放线菌是口腔中的正常居民，通常与细菌入侵相关联，作为一种机会性感染。它往往在正常黏膜屏障破裂后发生。瘘管和可触及的肿块是其体格检查的特征，疼痛和发热是最常见的症状。明确诊断需要进行厌氧培养。长期使用抗生素治疗，治愈的机会很大。
