Sul Young-Taeg, Johansson Carina B, Jeong Youngsoo, Wennerberg Ann, Albrektsson Tomas
Department of Biomaterials/Handicap Research, Institute for Surgical Science, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2002 Jun;13(3):252-9. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130304.x.
The present experimental study was designed to address two issues. The first was to investigate whether oxide properties of titanium implants influenced bone tissue responses after an in vivo implantation time of six weeks. If such a result was found, the second aim was to investigate which oxide properties are involved in such bone tissue responses. Screw-shaped implants with a wide range of oxide properties were prepared by electrochemical oxidation methods, where the oxide thickness varied in the range of 200 nm to 1000 nm. The surface morphology was prepared in two substantially different ways, i.e. barrier and porous oxide film structures. The micropore structure revealed pore sizes of 8 microm in diameter, with a range in opening area from 1.27 microm 2 to 2.1 microm 2. Porosity ranged from 12.7% to 24.4%. The crystal structures of the titanium oxide were amorphous, anatase and a mixture of anatase and rutile type. The chemical compositions consisted mainly of TiO2. Surface roughness ranged from 0.96 microm to 1.03 microm (Sa). Each group of test samples showed its own, defined status with respect to these various parameters. The oxide properties of turned commercially pure titanium implants were used in the control group, which was characterized by an oxide thickness of 17.4 +/- 6.2 nm, amorphous type in crystallinity, TiO2 in chemical composition, and a surface roughness of 0.83 microm (Sa). Bone tissue responses were evaluated by resonance frequency measurements and removal torque tests that were undertaken six weeks after implant insertion in rabbit tibia. Implants that had an oxide thickness of approximately 600, 800 and 1000 nm demonstrated significantly stronger bone responses in the evaluation of removal torque values than did implants that had an oxide thickness of approximately 17 and 200 nm (P < 0.05). However, there were no difference between implants with oxide thicknesses of 17 and 200 nm (P = 0.99). It was concluded that oxide properties of titanium implants, which include oxide thickness, micropore configurations and crystal structures, greatly influence the bone tissue response in the evaluation of removal torque values. However, it is not fully understood whether these oxide properties influence the bone tissue response separately or synergistically.
本实验研究旨在解决两个问题。第一个问题是研究钛植入物的氧化特性在体内植入六周后是否会影响骨组织反应。如果发现了这样的结果，第二个目标是研究哪些氧化特性参与了这种骨组织反应。通过电化学氧化方法制备了具有广泛氧化特性的螺旋形植入物，其氧化膜厚度在200纳米至1000纳米范围内变化。表面形态通过两种截然不同的方式制备，即阻挡型和多孔氧化膜结构。微孔结构显示孔径为8微米，开口面积范围为1.27平方微米至2.1平方微米。孔隙率范围为12.7%至24.4%。氧化钛的晶体结构为非晶态、锐钛矿型以及锐钛矿型和金红石型的混合物。化学成分主要由TiO2组成。表面粗糙度范围为0.96微米至1.03微米（Sa）。每组测试样品在这些不同参数方面都显示出其自身明确的状态。对照组使用了车削商业纯钛植入物的氧化特性，其特征为氧化膜厚度为17.4±6.2纳米，结晶度为非晶态，化学成分是TiO2，表面粗糙度为0.83微米（Sa）。在将植入物植入兔胫骨六周后，通过共振频率测量和去除扭矩测试来评估骨组织反应。在去除扭矩值评估中，氧化膜厚度约为600、800和1000纳米的植入物显示出比氧化膜厚度约为17和200纳米的植入物明显更强的骨反应（P<0.05）。然而，氧化膜厚度为17和200纳米的植入物之间没有差异（P = 0.99）。得出的结论是，钛植入物的氧化特性，包括氧化膜厚度、微孔结构和晶体结构，在去除扭矩值评估中极大地影响骨组织反应。然而，这些氧化特性是单独还是协同影响骨组织反应尚未完全了解。
