Schorr U, Distler A, Sharma A M
Department of Internal Medicine, Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Free University of Berlin, Germany.
J Hypertens. 1996 Jan;14(1):131-5.
To examine the effect of sodium chloride- and sodium bicarbonate-rich mineral water on blood pressure and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism in elderly normotensive individuals.
We examined 21 healthy men and women aged 60-72 years in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial. After reducing dietary salt intake to below 100 mmol/day, study participants were randomly assigned to drink 1.5 l daily of a sodium chloride-rich (sodium 84.5 mmol/l, chloride 63.7 mmol/l, bicarbonate 21.9 mmol/l), a sodium bicarbonate-rich (sodium 39.3 mmol/l, chloride 6.5 mmol/l, bicarbonate 48.8 mmol/l) and a low-sodium (placebo: sodium, chloride and bicarbonate < 0.02 mmol/l) mineral water for 4 weeks each in a three-phase crossover order. Each phase was separated by a 2-week washout period in which the study participants remained on a low-salt diet. Compliance was assessed by biweekly urinary electrolyte excretion and five study participants were excluded from analysis for failing to complete the trial or to fulfil the compliance criteria.
Mean arterial blood pressure was significantly lower during the periods of consuming low-sodium -7.0 +/- 7.2 mmHg, P < 0.001) or sodium bicarbonate-rich (-5.7 +/- 6.4 mmHg, P < 0.05) water than at baseline. In contrast, blood pressure during the phase of drinking sodium chloride-rich water was identical to that at baseline. Ambulatory 24 h blood pressure, oral glucose tolerance and plasma lipids were not affected by the different regimens. Urinary calcium excretion was significantly reduced by drinking low-sodium or sodium bicarbonate-rich water but was unchanged under the sodium chloride-rich water.
Consumption of sodium chloride-rich mineral water can abolish the blood pressure reduction induced by dietary salt restriction in elderly individuals. Sodium bicarbonate-rich mineral water in conjunction with a low-salt diet may have a beneficial effect on calcium homeostasis.
研究富含氯化钠和碳酸氢钠的矿泉水对老年血压正常个体的血压以及糖脂代谢参数的影响。
我们在一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲交叉试验中，对21名年龄在60 - 72岁的健康男性和女性进行了研究。在将饮食盐摄入量降至每日100 mmol以下后，研究参与者被随机分配，按照三相交叉顺序，分别连续4周每天饮用1.5升富含氯化钠的矿泉水（钠84.5 mmol/升，氯63.7 mmol/升，碳酸氢根21.9 mmol/升）、富含碳酸氢钠的矿泉水（钠39.3 mmol/升，氯6.5 mmol/升，碳酸氢根48.8 mmol/升）和低钠矿泉水（安慰剂：钠、氯和碳酸氢根<0.02 mmol/升）。每个阶段之间有2周的洗脱期，在此期间研究参与者继续保持低盐饮食。通过每两周的尿电解质排泄评估依从性，5名研究参与者因未完成试验或未达到依从性标准而被排除在分析之外。
饮用低钠矿泉水期间（-7.0±7.2 mmHg，P<0.001）或富含碳酸氢钠的矿泉水期间（-5.7±6.4 mmHg，P<0.05），平均动脉血压显著低于基线水平。相比之下，饮用富含氯化钠的矿泉水阶段的血压与基线水平相同。动态24小时血压、口服葡萄糖耐量和血脂不受不同方案的影响。饮用低钠或富含碳酸氢钠的矿泉水可使尿钙排泄显著减少，但饮用富含氯化钠的矿泉水时尿钙排泄无变化。
饮用富含氯化钠的矿泉水可消除老年个体因饮食限盐引起的血压降低。富含碳酸氢钠的矿泉水与低盐饮食相结合可能对钙稳态有有益影响。
