Caldwell John A, Gilreath Steven R
Sustained Operations Research, United States Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, Fort Rucker, AL 36362-0577, USA.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2002 May;73(5):472-80.
Recently published data on military aviation mishaps suggest aircrew fatigue remains a flight-safety problem.
In the current study, a questionnaire was administered to 241 Army aviators and 120 Army enlisted crew members.
Inadequate sleep and/or insufficient sleep quality is reportedly adversely affecting on-the-job alertness. The requirements to work a variety of schedules and to travel/work away from home are likely contributing to less than optimal sleep quality; however, a number of personnel may be suffering from sleep deprivation due to intentional sleep restriction as well. The personnel surveyed in this study indicated they were sleeping less than 7 h per night, which is 1 h less than the amount recommended by sleep specialists. This insufficient sleep, combined with rotating schedules and other work demands, no doubt contributed to the perceptions of three-quarters of the present sample that fatigue is a widespread problem in the military aviation community.
These results indicate the importance of continuing to stress fatigue-reduction strategies in training and operational environments.
最近公布的军事航空事故数据表明，机组人员疲劳仍是一个飞行安全问题。
在本研究中，对241名陆军飞行员和120名陆军应征机组人员进行了问卷调查。
据报道，睡眠不足和/或睡眠质量不佳对工作时的警觉性产生了不利影响。工作时间表多样以及离家外出工作的要求可能导致睡眠质量不尽如人意；然而，一些人员也可能因故意限制睡眠而遭受睡眠剥夺。本研究中接受调查的人员表示，他们每晚睡眠不足7小时，比睡眠专家建议的时长少1小时。这种睡眠不足，再加上轮班工作时间表和其他工作要求，无疑导致了本样本中四分之三的人认为疲劳是军事航空领域普遍存在的问题。
这些结果表明，在训练和作战环境中持续强调减少疲劳策略的重要性。
