Reinshagen K, Wessel L M, Roth H, Waag K-L
Abteilung für Kinderchirurgie, Chirurgische Klinik der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2002 Apr;12(2):124-6. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-30165.
Congenital epulis of the newborn is a rare tumour which is usually benign. The first description of a case is attributed to Neumann in 1871. The word "epulis" is derived from Greek and means "on the gum" or "gum boil". Epulis is also known as a congenital gingival granular cell tumour because of its histological features. Since 1871, 216 cases have been reported. Female babies are affected 8-10 times more often than males. Epulis is located on the maxillary ridge twice as often as on the mandible, mostly as single tumours but rarely as multiple tumours. Macroscopically, epulis is a pedunculated tumour with a smooth or lobulated surface. The basis of the tumour is the alveolar mucosa. The size varies from a few millimetres to 9 cm in diameter. After birth, the tumour normally does not increase in size. Microscopic examination shows a central mass of granular cells. This mass is surrounded by a stratified squamous mucosa. The histogenesis of the tumour is unknown. Spontaneous regression of congenital epulis has been reported in four cases. However, surgical excision is generally indicated due to interference with feeding or respiration. Recurrence of the tumour after surgery has not been reported yet.
新生儿先天性牙龈瘤是一种罕见的肿瘤，通常为良性。首例病例的描述可追溯到1871年的诺伊曼。“牙龈瘤”一词源于希腊语，意为“在牙龈上”或“牙龈脓肿”。由于其组织学特征，牙龈瘤也被称为先天性牙龈颗粒细胞瘤。自1871年以来，已报告216例病例。女婴受影响的频率比男婴高8至10倍。牙龈瘤位于上颌嵴的频率是下颌骨的两倍，多为单个肿瘤，很少为多个肿瘤。从宏观上看，牙龈瘤是一种带蒂肿瘤，表面光滑或呈分叶状。肿瘤的基底是牙槽黏膜。大小从几毫米到直径9厘米不等。出生后，肿瘤通常不会增大。显微镜检查显示中央有一团颗粒细胞。这团细胞被复层鳞状黏膜包围。肿瘤的组织发生尚不清楚。已有4例报告先天性牙龈瘤自发消退。然而，由于影响进食或呼吸，一般建议手术切除。尚未有术后肿瘤复发的报告。
