Djrolo F, Megnigbeto Obey A, De Souza J, Takpara I, Santos P, Alihonou E
Département de Médecine Interne, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, BP 188, Cotonou, France.
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 2002 May;31(3):243-7.
To evaluate prevalence of obesity in pregnant women in Cotonou and to study the influence of obesity on pregnancy outcome, we analysed retrospectively obstetrical reports of 323 women delivered at the university clinic of gynecology and obstetrics during the year 1999. Prevalence of obesity was 18% among pregnant women and 30.6% of them were overweight. Medical complications of pregnancy were more frequent in obese women than in women with normal weight since obese women showed higher frequency of proteinuria (241% versus 10,5%, p<0.05) and high blood pressure (25.9% versus 4.5%, p<0.001). Diabetes mellitus was only present in obese women with a frequency of 5,2%. Compared with normal weight women, the obese ones showed a tendency to higher frequency of cesarean delivery (34.5% versus 21%), this difference being not statistically significant. Although there was a slightly higher number of reanimated infants in obese women, the difference was not significant. Six percent hypotrophic infants were observed in obese mothers versus 13.1% in mothers with normal weight (non significant) but it can be noticed that lean mothers showed statistically higher frequency of hypotrophic infants than normal weight mothers (33.3% versus 13.1%, p<0.01). This study shows that obesity in women represents, even in developing country, an obstetrical risk factor leading to high frequency of complications during pregnancy and needs the development of preventive actions.
为评估科托努孕妇肥胖症的患病率，并研究肥胖对妊娠结局的影响，我们回顾性分析了1999年在大学妇产科诊所分娩的323名妇女的产科报告。孕妇肥胖症的患病率为18%，其中30.6%超重。肥胖妇女妊娠的医学并发症比体重正常的妇女更常见，因为肥胖妇女蛋白尿的发生率更高（24.1%对10.5%，p<0.05），高血压的发生率也更高（25.9%对4.5%，p<0.001）。糖尿病仅在肥胖妇女中出现，发生率为5.2%。与体重正常的妇女相比，肥胖妇女剖宫产的发生率有升高趋势（34.5%对21%），但差异无统计学意义。尽管肥胖妇女中复苏新生儿的数量略多，但差异不显著。肥胖母亲中低体重儿的发生率为6%，而体重正常母亲中为13.1%（无统计学意义），但可以注意到，偏瘦母亲中低体重儿的发生率在统计学上高于体重正常的母亲（33.3%对13.1%，p<0.01）。这项研究表明，即使在发展中国家，妇女肥胖也是一个产科危险因素，会导致妊娠期间并发症的高发生率，需要制定预防措施。
