Denekens J P M
Departement of General Practice, University of Antwerp, Universiteitplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk.
Acta Clin Belg. 2002 Jan-Feb;57(1):5-10. doi: 10.1179/acb.2002.003.
For centuries the medical world was exclusively a male domain. This is gradually changing all over the world. The first part of the article provides figures demonstrating that the number of women in general practice has significantly increased. This part also provides the most recent figures for Belgium. The feminisation has an important impact on "service volume". Female physicians will produce fewer medical services than men. Moreover, whilst many young physicians in different European countries leave the profession after some time, this phenomenon is more prevalent among female than male general practitioners. In the second part the impact of feminisation at the qualitative level is considered from three points of view: at the level of care: are women changing primary health care? at the level of attitudes: do women have different interaction styles? at the level of organisation: do women have an impact on the way medical practices/surgeries are organised? We conclude that feminisation can play an important role in the shortage of general practitioners in the future. This is a serious problem because many countries have placed responsibility for primary care with general practitioners. For the qualitative aspects women contribute to the introduction of favourable developments in medicine. Finally a number of points of attention and recommendations are given in the framework of the faculties' "emancipatory potential" and for making sound policy in the men/women power planning for health governments.
几个世纪以来，医学界一直完全是男性的领域。而在全世界范围内，这种情况正在逐渐改变。文章的第一部分提供了一些数据，表明从事全科医疗的女性数量已显著增加。这部分内容还给出了比利时的最新数据。女性化对“服务量”有重要影响。女医生提供的医疗服务将少于男医生。此外，尽管不同欧洲国家的许多年轻医生一段时间后会离开这个职业，但这种现象在女性全科医生中比在男性全科医生中更为普遍。在第二部分，从三个角度考虑了女性化在质量层面的影响：在医疗护理层面：女性是否正在改变初级医疗保健？在态度层面：女性是否有不同的互动方式？在组织层面：女性是否对医疗诊所/外科手术的组织方式有影响？我们得出结论，女性化在未来全科医生短缺问题上可能起到重要作用。这是一个严重的问题，因为许多国家已将初级医疗保健的责任交给了全科医生。在质量方面，女性为医学领域引入有利发展做出了贡献。最后，在各学院的“解放潜力”框架内以及为卫生政府在男女权力规划方面制定合理政策给出了一些注意事项和建议。
