Maiorova Tanja, Stevens Fred, van der Velden Lud, Scherpbier Albert, van der Zee Jouke
Institute of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maastricht, The Netherlands.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2007 Jul 13;7:111. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-7-111.
An increasing number of newly trained Dutch GPs prefer to work in a group practice and as a non-principal rather than in a single-handed practice. In view of the greater number of female doctors, changing practice preferences, and discussions on future workforce problems, the question is whether male and female GPs were able to realise their initial preferences in the past and will be able to do so in the future.
We have conducted longitudinal cohort study of all GPs in the Netherlands seeking a practice between 1980 and 2004. The Netherlands Institute of Health Services Research (NIVEL) in Utrecht collected the data used in this study by means of a postal questionnaire. The overall mean response rate was 94%.
Over the past 20 years, an increasing proportion of GPs, both male and female, were able to achieve their preference for working in a group practice and/or in a non-principal position. Relatively more women than men have settled in group practices, and more men than women in single-handed practices; however, the practice preference of men and women is beginning to converge. Dropout was highest among the GPs without any specific practice preference.
The overwhelming preference of male and female GPs for working in group practices is apparently being met by the number of positions (principal or non-principal) available in group practices. The preference of male and female GPs regarding the type of practice and job conditions is expected to converge further in the near future.
越来越多刚完成培训的荷兰全科医生更倾向于在团队诊所工作，担任非负责人职位，而非独自开业。鉴于女医生数量增多、执业偏好变化以及对未来劳动力问题的讨论，问题在于男女全科医生过去是否能够实现其最初的偏好，以及未来是否能够做到。
我们对1980年至2004年间在荷兰寻求执业机会的所有全科医生进行了纵向队列研究。乌得勒支的荷兰卫生服务研究机构（NIVEL）通过邮政问卷收集了本研究中使用的数据。总体平均回复率为94%。
在过去20年里，越来越多的男女全科医生能够实现他们在团队诊所工作和/或担任非负责人职位的偏好。在团队诊所工作的女性相对多于男性，而独自开业的男性多于女性；然而，男女的执业偏好开始趋同。在没有任何特定执业偏好的全科医生中，退出率最高。
团队诊所提供的职位（负责人或非负责人）数量显然满足了男女全科医生对在团队诊所工作的压倒性偏好。预计在不久的将来，男女全科医生在执业类型和工作条件方面的偏好将进一步趋同。
