Waechter Magali, Le Roux Frédérique, Nicolas Jean-Louis, Marissal Eric, Berthe Franck
Laboratoire de génétique et pathologie, Ifremer, 17390 La Tremblade, France.
C R Biol. 2002 Mar;325(3):231-8. doi: 10.1016/s1631-0691(02)01428-2.
The French mollusc production is mainly based on the Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Since 1991, outbreaks of mass mortality of juveniles are reported during the summer period. These outbreaks are a major concern of oyster industry. Several studies have established given bacterial strains to be pathogenic for bivalve species, including oysters. Here we present a study of mortality outbreaks of C. gigas, as initiated in 1995. In a first step, bacterial strains were isolated during mass mortality outbreak and were biochemically characterised. Among the isolated strains, some strains of Vibrio splendidus biovar II were found to be pathogenic by means of experimental challenge of oyster juveniles. In the second step, a genotypical identification of the pathogenic strain was undertaken, based on 16S RNA sequences and phylogenetic analysis. It confirmed that the pathogenetic strain belonged to Vibrio splendidus biovar II.
法国的软体动物生产主要以太平洋牡蛎（长牡蛎）为基础。自1991年以来，夏季期间报告了幼体大规模死亡的疫情。这些疫情是牡蛎养殖业的主要担忧。多项研究已确定某些细菌菌株对包括牡蛎在内的双壳类物种具有致病性。在此，我们展示一项始于1995年的长牡蛎死亡疫情研究。第一步，在大规模死亡疫情期间分离细菌菌株并进行生化特征分析。在分离出的菌株中，通过对牡蛎幼体进行实验性攻毒，发现一些灿烂弧菌生物变种II菌株具有致病性。第二步，基于16S RNA序列和系统发育分析对致病菌株进行基因型鉴定。结果证实致病菌株属于灿烂弧菌生物变种II。
