Galinsky T, Waters T, Malit B
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
Home Health Care Serv Q. 2001;20(3):57-73. doi: 10.1300/J027v20n03_04.
Home health care workers have high rates of back injuries and other musculoskeletal problems. This article addresses issues surrounding work-related overexertion injuries in home health care workers, including summaries of relevant research on workers in home settings as well as in traditional health care settings such as hospitals and nursing homes. The main work factors associated with these injuries are forceful exertions and awkward postures during patient- care tasks, especially while lifting and moving patients. Ergonomics-the design of work tasks to best accommodate natural human capabilities-is the most promising approach for preventing injuries, and for enhancing the comfort and safety of workers and patients.
家庭医护人员背部受伤和其他肌肉骨骼问题的发生率很高。本文探讨了家庭医护人员与工作相关的过度劳累损伤问题，包括对家庭环境以及医院和疗养院等传统医疗环境中工作人员的相关研究总结。与这些损伤相关的主要工作因素是在患者护理任务中，特别是在抬起和移动患者时的用力和不良姿势。人体工程学——设计工作任务以最佳适应人类自然能力——是预防损伤以及提高工作人员和患者舒适度与安全性最有前景的方法。
