Meyers James M, Miles John A, Faucett Julia, Janowitz Ira, Tejeda Diana G, Weber Ed, Smith Rhonda, Garcia Linda
School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
J Agromedicine. 2004;9(2):433-48.
With support of a NIOSH Community Partners grant, the authors reviewed data from three cooperating vineyard companies in Napa and Sonoma Counties, finding both high rates of evidence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and identifying priority MSD hazards for intervention. Data from OSHA 200 injury report logs identified 29 reported MSDs and 435 lost workdays in a working population of 194 in a 30-month period. The majority of these (20) involved backstrain. High risk job tasks were identified, including: employer-identified tasks, analysis of injury reports, and ergonomics risk factor checklist survey of task work. Triangulating across these three data groups resulted in identification of high priority tasks, including: hand harvest work, hand pruning, and weeding using shovels. Priority risk factors for back injury in these jobs were: repetitive lifting of heavy loads, repetitive exertion of force by the trunk and upper extremities, and repetitive or sustained awkward postures of the trunk (including full stoop and twisting with loads).
在国家职业安全与健康研究所（NIOSH）社区合作伙伴资助项目的支持下，作者回顾了纳帕县和索诺马县三家合作葡萄园公司的数据，发现肌肉骨骼疾病（MSD）的证据发生率很高，并确定了需要干预的MSD重点危害因素。职业安全与健康管理局（OSHA）200份工伤报告日志中的数据显示，在30个月内，194名在职人员中有29起报告的MSD病例和435个工作日的损失。其中大多数（20起）涉及背部拉伤。确定了高风险工作任务，包括：雇主确定的任务、工伤报告分析以及对任务工作的人体工程学风险因素清单调查。对这三个数据组进行三角测量后确定了高优先级任务，包括：手工采摘工作、手工修剪和用铲子除草。这些工作中背部受伤的主要风险因素是：反复搬运重物、躯干和上肢反复用力以及躯干反复或持续的不良姿势（包括完全弯腰和负重扭转）。
