Aydin M D, Ozkan U, Gündoğdu C, Onder A
Clinic of Neurosurgery, SSK Hospital, Erzurum, Turkey.
Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2002 Apr;144(4):369-72. doi: 10.1007/s007010200051.
Carotid Bodies (CB) are fed mainly by External Carotid Artery (ECA) and rarely by Internal Carotid Artery (ICA). We aimed to investigate the effect of Bilateral Common Carotid Artery ligation and BCCAL plus bilateral external carotid artery ligation on CB.
This study has been conducted on 30 hybrid male rabbits. Normal CB analyses were made in six of these animals and others divided into two groups. BCCAL has been applied to the 1st group, and the 2nd group has undergone bilateral ECA ligation in addition to BCCAL. After sacrificing the animals, both sides CB were histopathologically observed. Normal and ischemic cells were counted.
Bilateral Common Carotid Artery ligation did not cause total atrophy in CB. Partial reversible atrophy of CB was seen in group I, but that atrophy was found to be irreversible and all animals died within one week after ligation in group II.
Retrograde blood flow mechanisms and collateral circulation impede the oligemic CB atrophy after BCCAL. But bilateral ECA ligation, in addition to BCCAL, causes both sides irreversible CB atrophy and death of animals within one week of ligation.
The CB are parasympathetic paraganglia. They are chemoreceptors and located at the bifurcation zone of common carotid arteries. They are fed mainly by ECA or by its branches and rarely by ICA. As a consequence of this, BCCAL and/or ligation of external branches of common carotid artery may lead to an ischemic impairment of CB. In order to analyse the effect of carotid stenosis on CB, CB were directly examined in 6 of 30 hybrid rabbits. BCCAL was applied to twelve rabbits (group I) with ligation of both ECA in addition to BCCAL were made to the others (group II). Animals were followed up four months in group I; but all of the animals in group II died within one week. From both sides the CB were taken including the carotid bifurcation and histopathological changes were evaluated. As a result, it has been observed that incomplete ischemic lesions have developed in the CB because of retrograde blood flow from posterior circulation to the ECA providing blood for the CB. But in the second group these changes were irreversible and on both sides CB complete atrophy developed in those whose ECA were also ligated bilaterally.
颈动脉体（CB）主要由颈外动脉（ECA）供血，很少由颈内动脉（ICA）供血。我们旨在研究双侧颈总动脉结扎以及双侧颈总动脉结扎加双侧颈外动脉结扎对颈动脉体的影响。
本研究对30只杂种雄性家兔进行。对其中6只动物进行正常颈动脉体分析，其余动物分为两组。第一组进行双侧颈总动脉结扎，第二组除双侧颈总动脉结扎外还进行双侧颈外动脉结扎。处死动物后，对双侧颈动脉体进行组织病理学观察。计数正常细胞和缺血细胞。
双侧颈总动脉结扎未导致颈动脉体完全萎缩。第一组可见颈动脉体部分可逆性萎缩，但第二组发现该萎缩不可逆，所有动物在结扎后一周内死亡。
逆行血流机制和侧支循环可阻止双侧颈总动脉结扎后颈动脉体因缺血而萎缩。但双侧颈外动脉结扎加双侧颈总动脉结扎会导致双侧颈动脉体不可逆萎缩，且动物在结扎后一周内死亡。
颈动脉体是副交感神经节。它们是化学感受器，位于颈总动脉分叉处。它们主要由颈外动脉或其分支供血，很少由颈内动脉供血。因此，双侧颈总动脉结扎和/或颈总动脉外部分支结扎可能导致颈动脉体缺血性损伤。为分析颈动脉狭窄对颈动脉体的影响，在30只杂种兔中的6只直接检查了颈动脉体。对12只家兔（第一组）进行双侧颈总动脉结扎，对其余家兔（第二组）除双侧颈总动脉结扎外还结扎双侧颈外动脉。第一组动物随访4个月；但第二组所有动物在一周内死亡。从双侧取出包括颈动脉分叉在内的颈动脉体并评估组织病理学变化。结果发现，由于后循环向为颈动脉体供血的颈外动脉的逆行血流，颈动脉体出现了不完全缺血性病变。但在第二组中，这些变化是不可逆的，在双侧颈外动脉也被结扎的动物中，双侧颈动脉体出现了完全萎缩。
