Samuels J, Bienvenu O Joseph, Riddle M A, Cullen B A M, Grados M A, Liang K Y, Hoehn-Saric R, Nestadt G
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore 21287, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2002 May;40(5):517-28. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00026-2.
Hoarding occurs relatively frequently in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and there is evidence that patients with hoarding symptoms have more severe OCD and are less responsive to treatment. In the present study, we investigated hoarding symptoms in 126 subjects with OCD. Nearly 30% of the subjects had hoarding symptoms; hoarding was twice as prevalent in males than females. Compared to the 90 non-hoarding subjects, the 36 hoarding individuals had an earlier age at onset of, and more severe, obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Hoarders had greater prevalences of symmetry obsessions, counting compulsions, and ordering compulsions. Hoarders also had greater prevalences of social phobia, personality disorders, and pathological grooming behaviors (skin picking, nail biting, and trichotillomania). Hoarding and tics were more frequent in first-degree relatives of hoarding than non-hoarding probands. The findings suggest that the treatment of OCD patients with hoarding symptoms may be complicated by more severe OCD and the presence of co-occurring disorders. Hoarding appears to be transmitted in some OCD families and may differentiate a clinical subgroup of OCD.
囤积行为在强迫症(OCD)中相对较为常见,有证据表明有囤积症状的患者强迫症更为严重,且对治疗的反应较差。在本研究中,我们调查了126名强迫症患者的囤积症状。近30%的受试者有囤积症状;囤积行为在男性中的发生率是女性的两倍。与90名无囤积症状的受试者相比,36名有囤积症状的个体强迫症症状出现的年龄更早且更为严重。囤积者对称强迫观念、计数强迫行为和排序强迫行为的发生率更高。囤积者社交恐惧症、人格障碍和病理性修饰行为(抠皮肤、咬指甲和拔毛癖)的发生率也更高。与无囤积症状的先证者的一级亲属相比,有囤积症状的先证者的一级亲属中囤积行为和抽动更为常见。研究结果表明,有囤积症状的强迫症患者的治疗可能会因更严重的强迫症和共病的存在而变得复杂。囤积行为似乎在一些强迫症家族中具有遗传性,并且可能区分出强迫症的一个临床亚组。