Liu John H K, Kripke Daniel F, Twa Michael D, Gokhale Parag A, Jones Eric I, Park Eun-Ha, Meehan John E, Weinreb Robert N
Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0946, USA.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Jul;43(7):2351-5.
To characterize the 24-hour change of intraocular pressure (IOP) in young adults with moderate to severe myopia.
Nineteen young adults, ages 18 to 25 years, with moderate to severe myopia (myopia group) and 17 age-matched volunteers with emmetropia or mild myopia (control group) were housed for 1 day in a sleep laboratory. An 8-hour accustomed sleep period was assigned to each volunteer. Twelve measurements of IOP, axial length, blood pressure, and heart rate were taken at 2-hour intervals. In the wake period, blood pressure and heart rate were measured after a 5-minute bed rest. Axial length and IOP were measured in supine volunteers. Volunteers then sat for 5 minutes, after which IOP was measured. In the sleep period, measurements were taken in supine volunteers in bed.
In both the myopia and control groups, the average supine IOP in the sleep period was higher than the average sitting IOP in the wake period. However, the magnitude of this IOP elevation at night was significantly less in the myopia group. In the sleep period, IOP was less in the myopia group than in the control group. When only the 24-hour supine IOP data were considered, the trough occurred at 1:30 AM, and the peak occurred around noon in the myopia group. In the control group, the trough was at 9:30 PM, and the peak at 5:30 AM. Least-square cosine fits showed 24-hour rhythms of supine IOP in both groups, but their phase timings were different. Axial length remained unchanged throughout the day and night in both groups. There was no difference in the 24-hour rhythms of mean blood pressure and heart rate between the two groups.
Considering habitual body positions, IOP increases at night in young adults with moderate to severe myopia, but the magnitude of the increase is significantly less than that in the age-matched control subjects. There is a 24-hour rhythm of supine IOP in the myopic group, but the phase timing is different from that in the control subjects. These variations of IOP in young adults with moderate to severe myopia are not related to changes in cardiovascular parameters.
描述中重度近视年轻成年人的眼压（IOP）24小时变化情况。
19名年龄在18至25岁的中重度近视年轻成年人（近视组）和17名年龄匹配的正视或轻度近视志愿者（对照组）在睡眠实验室居住1天。为每位志愿者安排8小时的习惯睡眠时间。每隔2小时测量一次眼压、眼轴长度、血压和心率，共测量12次。在清醒期，5分钟卧床休息后测量血压和心率。在仰卧位志愿者中测量眼轴长度和眼压。志愿者随后坐5分钟，之后测量眼压。在睡眠期，在卧床的仰卧位志愿者中进行测量。
在近视组和对照组中，睡眠期的平均仰卧位眼压均高于清醒期的平均坐位眼压。然而，近视组夜间眼压升高的幅度明显较小。在睡眠期，近视组的眼压低于对照组。仅考虑24小时仰卧位眼压数据时，近视组的眼压低谷出现在凌晨1:30，高峰出现在中午左右。在对照组中，眼压低谷在晚上9:30，高峰在凌晨5:30。最小二乘余弦拟合显示两组均有仰卧位眼压的24小时节律，但它们的相位时间不同。两组的眼轴长度在昼夜均保持不变。两组之间平均血压和心率的24小时节律没有差异。
考虑习惯性体位，中重度近视年轻成年人夜间眼压会升高，但升高幅度明显小于年龄匹配的对照受试者。近视组有仰卧位眼压的24小时节律，但相位时间与对照受试者不同。中重度近视年轻成年人眼压的这些变化与心血管参数的变化无关。
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