Schjøtt Jan
RELIS Vest Haukeland Sykehus 5021 Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2002 Mar 20;122(8):797-800.
Bus drivers as a group have elevated health risks that are related to their working conditions. The present study measured the perception of working conditions among workers in a bus company and the results of job adjustments for health problems.
Perception of working conditions was measured by a questionnaire in a cross-sectional design in which bus drivers were compared to workers in other departments of the same company. In a longitudinal design, effects of intervention were studied when a small group of workers experiencing health problems were offered job adjustments for shorter or longer periods.
Duration of employment was associated with a negative perception of working conditions, particularly among bus drivers with more than 10 years' experience. Between one and three years after intervention (job adjustment), 80% of the workers recruited to the intervention were still in their jobs; 60% of the workers needed only a mean period of six months of job adjustment.
A wear-and-tear effect could be associated with number of years of driving. Preventive measures to reduce further health problems among these drivers could involve job adjustments.
公交司机群体面临与工作条件相关的更高健康风险。本研究测量了一家公交公司员工对工作条件的认知以及针对健康问题进行工作调整的结果。
通过问卷调查以横断面设计测量工作条件认知，将公交司机与同公司其他部门的员工进行比较。在纵向设计中，当一小群有健康问题的员工被给予不同时长的工作调整时，研究干预的效果。
就业时长与对工作条件的负面认知相关，尤其是在有超过10年工作经验的公交司机中。在干预（工作调整）后的一到三年间，参与干预的员工中有80%仍在工作岗位；60%的员工仅平均需要六个月的工作调整期。
驾驶年限可能存在损耗效应。减少这些司机进一步健康问题的预防措施可能包括工作调整。
