一项关于结直肠癌食物消费变化风险的病例对照研究。

A case-control study on risk of changing food consumption for colorectal cancer.

作者信息

Zhang Bing, Li Xiangping, Nakama Hidenori, Zhang Xing, Wei Ning, Zhang Xiulan, Zhang Leshan

机构信息

Department of Public Health, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi 3-1-1, Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture 390-8621, Japan.

出版信息

Cancer Invest. 2002;20(4):458-63. doi: 10.1081/cnv-120002145.

DOI:10.1081/cnv-120002145

PMID:12094540

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To investigate the relative risk factor of food items for colorectal cancer in four time periods through a case-control study in a Chinese rural area.

METHODS

Colorectal cancer patients diagnosed at a county cancer center, Hebei Province, China, and non-cancer outpatients with similar age, sex, and place of residence were selected for cases and controls, respectively. There were 102 (93.6%) colorectal cancer patients and 99 (90.8%) outpatients being the cases and controls, respectively in the present investigation, who agreed to be interviewed about their food intake, during a 20-year period, through a food frequency questionnaire. The risks of intake of different food items and lifestyle for colorectal cancer were compared between cases and controls.

RESULTS

During the 20-year period, diets of both cases and controls changed with increase in intake of animal foods and fruits, and alcohol consumption tended to increase. In the food items, milk intake showed a protective effect in both males and females, and the odds ratios were 0.38 (95% CI 0.16-0.90) and 0.28 (95% CI 0.10-0.81) for males and females, respectively. A reduced risk of fruit intake could be seen in males, while a reduced risk of vegetables could be observed in females. Meat intake and saturated fats were the prominent risk factors for colorectal cancer in males and females, respectively. A comparison of life habits, showed that tea drinking had a consistent protective effect in females, and the odds ratios were 0.21 (0.08-0.58), 0.23 (0.08-0.67), 0.25 (0.10-0.64), and 0.11 (0.04-0.30) for periods of 20-, 10-, 5-years ago, and current time, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings indicate that change in food consumption is strongly associated with a change in risk of colorectal cancer, and dietary meat has increased the risk of colorectal cancer. Increase in the consumption of milk and fruits may be a significant measure for colorectal cancer prevention in low-incidence areas.

摘要

目的

通过在中国农村地区开展的一项病例对照研究，调查四个时间段内各类食物对结直肠癌的相对风险因素。

方法

选取在中国河北省某县癌症中心确诊的结直肠癌患者，以及年龄、性别和居住地相似的非癌症门诊患者分别作为病例组和对照组。在本次调查中，分别有102名（93.6%）结直肠癌患者和99名（90.8%）门诊患者作为病例组和对照组，他们同意在20年期间通过食物频率问卷接受关于食物摄入量的访谈。比较病例组和对照组不同食物摄入量及生活方式对结直肠癌的风险。

结果

在这20年期间，病例组和对照组的饮食都随着动物性食物和水果摄入量的增加而发生变化，饮酒量也有增加的趋势。在各类食物中，牛奶摄入对男性和女性均显示出保护作用，男性和女性的比值比分别为0.38（95%可信区间0.16 - 0.90）和0.28（95%可信区间0.10 - 0.81）。男性水果摄入量降低可降低风险，而女性蔬菜摄入量降低可降低风险。肉类摄入和饱和脂肪分别是男性和女性结直肠癌的主要风险因素。生活习惯比较显示，饮茶对女性有持续的保护作用，20年前、10年前、5年前和当前时期的比值比分别为0.21（0.08 - 0.58）、0.23（0.08 - 0.67）、0.25（0.10 - 0.64）和0.11（0.04 - 0.30）。