Gerber Jonathan K, Yacoubian George S
Cornell University, USA.
J Drug Educ. 2002;32(1):53-68. doi: 10.2190/XJKE-P052-QN91-YJ6Q.
Drug testing in the workplace has gone from virtual nonexistence to widespread employer acceptance during the past two decades. This growth is particularly significant for the construction industry. High rates of alcohol and other drug use, coupled with the high-risk, safety-sensitive nature of the industry, have prompted the development of a variety of drug surveillance and prevention strategies. Despite this growing vigilance, no scholarly works have examined the impact of drug-related policies in the construction industry. To address this limitation, we investigate the efficacy of workplace drug-testing programs in reducing injury incident rates and workers' compensation experience-rating modification factors (MODs) within the construction industry. Analyses indicate that companies with drug-testing programs experienced a 51 percent reduction in incident rates within two years of implementation. Moreover, companies that drug test their employees experienced a significant reduction in their MODs. Policy implications are discussed in light of the current findings.
在过去二十年里，职场药物检测从几乎不存在发展到被雇主广泛接受。这种增长对建筑业而言尤为显著。酒精和其他药物的高使用率，再加上该行业高风险、对安全敏感的性质，促使了各种药物监测和预防策略的发展。尽管警惕性不断提高，但尚无学术著作研究建筑业中与药物相关政策的影响。为解决这一局限性，我们调查了职场药物检测项目在降低建筑业工伤事故率和工伤赔偿经验费率调整因子（MODs）方面的效果。分析表明，实施药物检测项目的公司在实施后的两年内事故率降低了51%。此外，对员工进行药物检测的公司其MODs显著降低。根据当前研究结果讨论了政策含义。
