Rosales Varo C, Torres González F, Luna-Del-Castillo Juan, Baca Baldomero E, Martínez Montes G
Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada.
Actas Esp Psiquiatr. 2002 May-Jun;30(3):182-8.
To optimise appropriate planning of services, the care needs in patients with chronic mental illness, the organisms or individuals that cover these needs, and the relationships between specific needs and sociodemographic variables should be identified. This study was designed to assess needs in a population of persons with mental illness.
The Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN) questionnaire was used to obtain and report quantitative information on needs. A total of 246 patients diagnosed as having schizophrenic disorder and 246 staff members of public mental health services, all living and working in the province of Granada (southern Spain, n = 187) or the city of Madrid (central Spain, n = 56), completed the questionnaire. Regression analysis was used to identify correlations between needs and sociodemographic variables.
Mean needs score was 6.5; the most frequent needs were those related with daytime activities, company, psychotic symptoms, psychological distress, basic education and money management. The sociodemographic variables most closely associated with these needs were: not living with a life partner, low educational level, and receiving state benefits. The type of help these patients received was mainly from the family (informal help); public services (formal help) covered mainly clinical needs.
The needs of persons with schizophrenic disorder do not differ from those of members of the more marginalised groups in Spanish society. Care provided by family members often represents a considerable burden on relatives.
为了优化服务的合理规划，需要确定慢性精神疾病患者的护理需求、满足这些需求的机构或个人，以及特定需求与社会人口统计学变量之间的关系。本研究旨在评估精神疾病患者群体的需求。
采用坎伯韦尔需求评估（CAN）问卷来获取和报告有关需求的定量信息。共有246名被诊断患有精神分裂症的患者以及246名公共精神卫生服务机构的工作人员完成了问卷，他们均生活和工作在格拉纳达省（西班牙南部，n = 187）或马德里市（西班牙中部，n = 56）。采用回归分析来确定需求与社会人口统计学变量之间的相关性。
需求平均得分是6.5；最常见的需求是与日间活动、陪伴、精神病症状、心理困扰、基础教育和财务管理相关的需求。与这些需求最密切相关的社会人口统计学变量是：未与伴侣同住、教育水平低以及领取国家福利。这些患者获得的帮助类型主要来自家庭（非正式帮助）；公共服务（正式帮助）主要满足临床需求。
精神分裂症患者的需求与西班牙社会中较边缘化群体的需求并无差异。家庭成员提供的护理往往给亲属带来相当大的负担。
