Moylett Edina H, Shearer William T
Department of Allergy and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002 Jul;110(1):3-16. doi: 10.1067/mai.2002.125978.
HIV infection in the United States appeared early in the 1980s, when previously healthy homosexual men manifested opportunistic infections attributable to apparent underlying immunodeficiency. After these initial isolated reports, there appeared many other groups of patients at risk for development of this devastating disease. From these meager beginnings, the problem has escalated exponentially. HIV infection can affect every system in the human body. Since the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, however, the prevalence of opportunistic infections and HIV-AIDS clinical manifestations has declined dramatically. In addition to antiretroviral therapy, management of HIV-infected persons requires knowledge of the extent of system involvement, as well as highly active antiretroviral therapy-related adverse effects, so as to recognize complications and initiate appropriate intervention. In the following review we will attempt to comprehensively summarize the clinical manifestations of HIV infection for both pediatric and adult populations.
美国的HIV感染始于20世纪80年代初，当时原本健康的同性恋男性出现了由明显的潜在免疫缺陷引起的机会性感染。在这些最初的个别报告之后，又出现了许多其他有患这种毁灭性疾病风险的患者群体。从这些微薄的开端起，这个问题呈指数级升级。HIV感染可影响人体的每个系统。然而，自高效抗逆转录病毒治疗时代以来，机会性感染和HIV-AIDS临床表现的患病率已大幅下降。除了抗逆转录病毒治疗外，对HIV感染者的管理还需要了解系统受累的程度以及与高效抗逆转录病毒治疗相关的不良反应，以便识别并发症并启动适当的干预措施。在以下综述中，我们将试图全面总结儿童和成人HIV感染的临床表现。
