Tan N-C, Chan L-L, Tan E-K
SingHealth Polyclinics-Pasir Ris, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
QJM. 2002 Aug;95(8):493-500. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/95.8.493.
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is characterized by tonic and clonic contractions of the muscles innervated by the ipsilateral facial nerve. It is important to distinguish this from other causes of facial spasms, such as psychogenic facial spasm, facial tic, facial myokymia, blepharospasm, and tardive dyskinesia. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography studies frequently demonstrate vascular compression of the root exit zone of the facial nerve. Importantly, an underlying space-occupying lesion needs to be excluded in patients with associated atypical features such as facial numbness and weakness. Botulinum toxin injection to the facial muscles is an effective treatment for HFS, with few disabling side-effects.
半面痉挛（HFS）的特征是同侧面神经支配的肌肉出现强直性和阵挛性收缩。将其与其他面部痉挛原因区分开来很重要，比如精神性面部痉挛、面部抽搐、面部肌束震颤、眼睑痉挛和迟发性运动障碍。磁共振成像和血管造影研究经常显示面神经根部出口区存在血管压迫。重要的是，对于伴有面部麻木和无力等非典型特征的患者，需要排除潜在的占位性病变。向面部肌肉注射肉毒杆菌毒素是治疗HFS的有效方法，副作用很少会导致功能障碍。
