Damiano Rocco, Oliva Andrea, Esposito Ciro, De Sio Marco, Autorino Riccardo, D'Armiento Massimo
Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Urol Int. 2002;69(2):136-40. doi: 10.1159/000065563.
To analyze the early and late complications of indwelling ureteral stents in a series of 146 patients with nephroureteral lithiasis.
146 patients with obstructing nephrolitiasis were treated for urinary diversion with double pigtail ureteral stent before extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) and following ureterorenoscopic treatment of lithiasis. All patients were scheduled for stent removal or replacement at specific 3-month intervals until stone-free status was achieved.
Early complications during the first 4 weeks after stent insertion were stent discomfort (37.6%), irritative bladder symptoms (18.8%), hematuria (18.1%), bacteriuria (15.2%), fever >104 degrees F (12.3%) and flank pain (25.3%); late complications included hydronephrosis (5.7%), and stent migration (9.5%), encrustation (21.6%), fragmentation (1.9%) and breakage (1.3%).
Ureteral stents have proven to be an invaluable tool for endourologists. Morbidity is minimal for up to three months but longer indwelling times are associated with an increasing frequency of incrustation, infections, secondary stone formation and obstruction of the stented tract.
分析146例肾盂输尿管结石患者留置输尿管支架管的早期和晚期并发症。
146例梗阻性肾结石患者在体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）前及输尿管镜治疗结石后，采用双猪尾输尿管支架管进行尿液引流。所有患者均计划每3个月定期取出或更换支架管，直至结石清除。
支架置入后前4周的早期并发症包括支架不适（37.6%）、膀胱刺激症状（18.8%）、血尿（18.1%）、菌尿（15.2%）、体温>104华氏度（12.3%）和胁腹疼痛（25.3%）；晚期并发症包括肾积水（5.7%）、支架移位（9.5%）、结壳（21.6%）、断裂（1.9%）和破损（1.3%）。
输尿管支架管已被证明是泌尿外科医生的一项宝贵工具。在长达三个月的时间里发病率极低，但留置时间延长与结壳、感染、继发性结石形成及支架管通道梗阻的频率增加有关。
