Todaka Emiko, Mori Chisato
Department of Environmental Medical Science (SRL), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Japan.
Congenit Anom (Kyoto). 2002 Jun;42(2):87-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-4520.2002.tb00857.x.
Our recent study clearly shows that fetuses are exposed to multiple chemicals including endocrine disruptors in Japan. Although the embryo and fetus stages are the most sensitive period to chemicals in humans' life cycle, the health effects of the chemicals such as endocrine disruptors to them are largely unknown. The conventional risk assessment method cannot assess the risk to fetuses precisely. Now we need a new risk assessment, in which the target is fetuses and not the adults, in addition to the conventional risk assessment. At the same time, we also need a new strategy to practically eliminate the risk for the future generations. To make the strategy effective, we suggest a new approach to reduce the risk and avoid the possible adverse health effects, using primary, secondary and tertiary preventions as they are used in public health. We also suggest a new concept of "pre-primary prevention" to reduce the risk for fetuses. Furthermore, to make this method even more practical, we suggest a new risk communication method. In this paper, we present a framework of risk avoidance of multiple chemical exposure to fetuses.
我们最近的研究清楚地表明，在日本，胎儿会接触到包括内分泌干扰物在内的多种化学物质。尽管胚胎期和胎儿期是人类生命周期中对化学物质最敏感的时期，但内分泌干扰物等化学物质对它们的健康影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。传统的风险评估方法无法精确评估对胎儿的风险。现在，除了传统的风险评估外，我们还需要一种新的风险评估，其目标是胎儿而非成年人。同时，我们还需要一种新的策略来切实消除对后代的风险。为使该策略有效，我们建议采用一种新方法来降低风险并避免可能的健康不良影响，即像在公共卫生中那样运用一级、二级和三级预防措施。我们还建议引入“初级预防前”的新概念以降低胎儿的风险。此外，为使该方法更具实用性，我们建议采用一种新的风险沟通方法。在本文中，我们提出了一个避免胎儿多重化学物质暴露风险的框架。
